Linking speech perception and neurophysiology: speech decoding guided by cascaded oscillators locked to the input rhythm.
Linking speech perception and neurophysiology: speech decoding guided by cascaded oscillators locked to the input rhythm.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00130
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Ghitza O
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ghitza O
这项研究的前提是，仅由声学特征驱动的当前的语音感知模型是不完整的，并且必须将解码时间的作用纳入，以说明观察到的识别现象的模式该解码时间由一系列神经元振荡器控制，这些振荡器将模板匹配的操作以临时尺度的层次结构为单位。 beta和伽马频带被认为对于语音清晰度至关重要，只要这些振荡保持与听觉输入节奏的相位，这能够表现出模型（tempo）。语音句子作为“包装”率的函数（Ghitza和Greenberg）。 （即，高音节率）很差（高于50％的单词错误率），但是当信息流在成功的压缩 - 信号间隔之间插入无声差距重新包装时，会大大恢复，这是违反直觉的发现，困难，很难使用经典的语音感知模型来解释，但自然而然地从节奏结构中出现。
The premise of this study is that current models of speech perception, which are driven by acoustic features alone, are incomplete, and that the role of decoding time during memory access must be incorporated to account for the patterns of observed recognition phenomena. It is postulated that decoding time is governed by a cascade of neuronal oscillators, which guide template-matching operations at a hierarchy of temporal scales. Cascaded cortical oscillations in the theta, beta, and gamma frequency bands are argued to be crucial for speech intelligibility. Intelligibility is high so long as these oscillations remain phase locked to the auditory input rhythm. A model (Tempo) is presented which is capable of emulating recent psychophysical data on the intelligibility of speech sentences as a function of “packaging” rate (Ghitza and Greenberg,). The data show that intelligibility of speech that is time-compressed by a factor of 3 (i.e., a high syllabic rate) is poor (above 50% word error rate), but is substantially restored when the information stream is re-packaged by the insertion of silent gaps in between successive compressed-signal intervals – a counterintuitive finding, difficult to explain using classical models of speech perception, but emerging naturally from the Tempo architecture.
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