Functional neuroimaging of self-referential encoding with age.

Functional neuroimaging of self-referential encoding with age.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.09.006
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发表时间:
2010-01
期刊:
影响因子:
2.6
通讯作者:
Schacter DL
Schacter DL
中科院分区:
心理学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gutchess AH;Kensinger EA;Schacter DL

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衰老影响记忆的形成以及额颞叶和内侧颞叶的活动。然而,迄今为止的大部分研究都集中在中性语言和视觉信息的编码上。目前的fMRI研究调查了参与者在对自己或他人做出判断时,在社会编码任务中的年龄差异。尽管之前的研究发现了一个完整的自我参照效应与年龄有关,这是由年轻人和老年人的内侧前额叶皮层(mPFC)的强大参与所支持的,但我们发现了一些年龄差异。在包括上mPFC、下前额叶皮层、前扣带皮层和后扣带皮层在内的区域,年轻人和老年人在自我和其他情况下的活动模式表现出逆转。而年轻人主要在自我参照条件下证明了随后的遗忘效应,老年人在其他参照条件下证明了随后的记忆效应。这些结果表明,不同年龄组在参与精细编码过程方面存在根本差异。我们认为,老年人可能以更规范的方式编码有关自我的信息,而年轻人则专注于编码自我的独特方面,并将自我与他人区分开来。
Aging impacts memory formation and the engagement of frontal and medial temporal regions. However, much of the research to date has focused on the encoding of neutral verbal and visual information. The present fMRI study investigated age differences in a social encoding task while participants made judgments about the self or another person. Although previous studies identified an intact self-reference effect with age, subserved by robust engagement of medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) by both young and older adults, we identified a number of age differences. In regions including superior mPFC, inferior prefrontal cortex, and anterior and posterior cingulate cortex, young and older adults exhibited reversals in the pattern of activity for self and other conditions. Whereas young primarily evidenced subsequent forgetting effects in the self-reference condition, older adults demonstrated subsequent memory effects in the other-reference condition. These results indicate fundamental differences across the age groups in the engagement of elaborative encoding processes. We suggest that older adults may encode information about the self in a more normative manner, whereas young adults focus on encoding the unique aspects of the self and distinguishing the self from others.
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