Neuroscience needs evolution.

Neuroscience needs evolution.
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DOI:
10.1098/rstb.2020.0518
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发表时间:
2022-02-14
期刊:
Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Hayden BY
Hayden BY
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Cisek P;Hayden BY

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神经系统是进化的产物。也就是说,它是在遗传的强烈约束下通过一系列的修改而构建的,并不断受到强烈的选择压力。因此,大脑的组织和功能是由其历史决定的。我们相信,这一在当代系统神经科学中未被充分认识的事实为帮助我们解决大脑之谜提供了宝贵的帮助。事实上,我们认为对进化历史的考虑应该与其他用于理解大脑的智力工具并列,例如行为实验、基于神经活动记录的解剖结构和功能表征的研究。在这篇引言中,我们通过强调进化理论如何增强神经科学的具体例子来论证进化的重要性。本期主题的其余部分阐述了这一点,强调神经进化的保守性、我们历史上发生的特定转变的重要后果,以及进化的考虑如何能够阐明从特定机制到大脑组织基本原则等问题。本文是“进化论视角下的系统神经科学”主题的一部分。
The nervous system is a product of evolution. That is, it was constructed through a long series of modifications, within the strong constraints of heredity, and continuously subjected to intense selection pressures. As a result, the organization and functions of the brain are shaped by its history. We believe that this fact, underappreciated in contemporary systems neuroscience, offers an invaluable aid for helping us resolve the brain's mysteries. Indeed, we think that the consideration of evolutionary history ought to take its place alongside other intellectual tools used to understand the brain, such as behavioural experiments, studies of anatomical structure and functional characterization based on recordings of neural activity. In this introduction, we argue for the importance of evolution by highlighting specific examples of ways that evolutionary theory can enhance neuroscience. The rest of the theme issue elaborates this point, emphasizing the conservative nature of neural evolution, the important consequences of specific transitions that occurred in our history, and the ways in which considerations of evolution can shed light on issues ranging from specific mechanisms to fundamental principles of brain organization. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Systems neuroscience through the lens of evolutionary theory’.
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影响因子: 1.7
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