Neurocognitive mechanisms of gaze-expression interactions in face processing and social attention.
Neurocognitive mechanisms of gaze-expression interactions in face processing and social attention.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2012.01.019
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发表时间：
2012-04
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Labar KS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Graham R;Labar KS
在社会交际中，面孔传达了丰富的非语言信息。虽然研究已经揭示了特定的面部通道，如情绪表达是如何处理的，但人们对二元交流过程中面部多种线索的优先级和整合知之甚少。人脸感知的经典模型强调动态与静态面部特征沿沿着独立的信息处理路径的分离。在这里，我们回顾最近的行为和神经科学的证据表明，在动态流，眼睛注视和情绪表达的并发变化可以产生早期独立的影响，对面孔的判断和视觉空间注意的隐蔽转移。这些影响部分隔离在最初的视觉传入处理齐射，但随后整合在边缘区域，如杏仁核或通过折返视觉处理齐射。这种时空模式可能有助于解决情绪对凝视定向注意线索影响的行为研究中令人困惑的差异。凝视表达的相互作用的理论解释进行了讨论，特别考虑处理速度（可辨别性）和上下文（歧义）帐户。未来在这一领域的研究有望揭示面部处理和人际注意的心理计时，了解社会参考如何在婴儿期发展，并在自闭症和其他社会认知障碍中受损。
The face conveys a rich source of non-verbal information used during social communication. While research has revealed how specific facial channels such as emotional expression are processed, little is known about the prioritization and integration of multiple cues in the face during dyadic exchanges. Classic models of face perception have emphasized the segregation of dynamic versus static facial features along independent information processing pathways. Here we review recent behavioral and neuroscientific evidence suggesting that within the dynamic stream, concurrent changes in eye gaze and emotional expression can yield early independent effects on face judgments and covert shifts of visuospatial attention. These effects are partially segregated within initial visual afferent processing volleys, but are subsequently integrated in limbic regions such as the amygdala or via reentrant visual processing volleys. This spatiotemporal pattern may help to resolve otherwise perplexing discrepancies across behavioral studies of emotional influences on gaze-directed attentional cueing. Theoretical explanations of gaze-expression interactions are discussed, with special consideration of speed-of-processing (discriminability) and contextual (ambiguity) accounts. Future research in this area promises to reveal the mental chronometry of face processing and interpersonal attention, with implications for understanding how social referencing develops in infancy and is impaired in autism and other disorders of social cognition.
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