The effect on women's health of extending parental leave: a quasi-experimental registry-based cohort study.
The effect on women's health of extending parental leave: a quasi-experimental registry-based cohort study.
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DOI：
10.1093/ije/dyac198
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发表时间：
2023-08-02
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
人们假设产假政策有利于母亲的心理健康。我们评估了丹麦将育儿假延长 6 周对孕产妇心理健康的影响。我们将丹麦国家登记处关于母亲社会人口特征和精神病学诊断的个人数据联系起来。采用断点回归设计来研究 1984 年 3 月 26 日之后育儿假持续时间的增加。我们纳入了 1981 年 1 月 1 日至 1987 年 12 月 31 日之间分娩的妇女。我们的结果是孩子出生后的首次精神病诊断，确定为因任何精神疾病住院的第一天。我们提供了 30 年随访期间的累积发病率，并报告了符合改革条件的女性与未接受改革的女性之间每隔 5 年的绝对风险差异。总共有 291 152 名女性接受了随访，直至 2017 年死亡、移民或首次精神病诊断日期。中位随访时间为 29.99 年，相当于 10277547 人年面临风险。随访 30 年时，不符合条件组中每 1000 名女性中精神疾病诊断的累积发生率为 59.5 例（95% CI：57.4 至 61.6），符合条件组中为 57.5 例（95% CI：55.6 至 59.4）。符合条件的女性平均多休 32.85 天的育儿假（95% CI：29.20 至 36.49），并且在 5 年内诊断出精神病的可能性较低[风险差异 (RD)：每 1000 名女性诊断减少 2.4 次，95% CI：1.5 至 3.2]以及产后 20 年内（RD： 2.3，95% CI：0.4 至 4.2）。在亚组分析中，风险降低主要集中在低教育、低收入和单身女性中。更长的育儿假可能会给女性带来心理健康益处，特别是对那些来自弱势背景的女性。
Parental leave policies have been hypothesized to benefit mothers’ mental health. We assessed the impact of a 6-week extension of parental leave in Denmark on maternal mental health. We linked individual-level data from Danish national registries on maternal sociodemographic characteristics and psychiatric diagnoses. A regression discontinuity design was applied to study the increase in parental leave duration after 26 March 1984. We included women who had given birth between 1 January 1981 and 31 December 1987. Our outcome was a first psychiatric diagnosis following the child’s birth, ascertained as the first day of inpatient hospital admission for any psychiatric disorder. We presented cumulative incidences for the 30-year follow-up period and reported absolute risk differences between women eligible for the reform vs not, in 5-year intervals. In all, 291 152 women were followed up until 2017, death, emigration or date of first psychiatric diagnosis. The median follow-up time was 29.99 years, corresponding to 10 277 547 person-years at risk. The cumulative incidence of psychiatric diagnoses at 30 years of follow-up was 59.5 (95% CI: 57.4 to 61.6) per 1000 women in the ineligible group and 57.5 (95% CI: 55.6 to 59.4) in the eligible group. Eligible women took on average 32.85 additional days of parental leave (95% CI: 29.20 to 36.49) and had a lower probability of having a psychiatric diagnosis within 5 years [risk difference (RD): 2.4 fewer diagnoses per 1000 women, 95% CI: 1.5 to 3.2] and up to 20 years after the birth (RD: 2.3, 95% CI: 0.4 to 4.2). In subgroup analyses, the risk reduction was concentrated among low-educated, low-income and single women. Longer parental leave may confer mental health benefits to women, in particular to those from disadvantaged backgrounds.
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影响因子：
5.4
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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Munk-Olsen, T.
影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
Bullinger, Lindsey Rose