Differential effects of childhood neglect and abuse during sensitive exposure periods on male and female hippocampus.
Differential effects of childhood neglect and abuse during sensitive exposure periods on male and female hippocampus.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.12.055
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发表时间：
2018-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Vitaliano GD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Teicher MH;Anderson CM;Ohashi K;Khan A;McGreenery CE;Bolger EA;Rohan ML;Vitaliano GD
海马体是一种对压力高度敏感的结构，海马体异常已被报道在许多精神疾病中，包括重度抑郁症和创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）。海马体似乎特别容易受到早期生活压力的影响，其体积会根据虐待的类型（多重性）或严重程度而逐渐减少。我们评估了成人海马体积最重要的预测因素是否是发育敏感期期间遭受虐待的多样性、严重程度或持续时间或时间。收集了 336 名未接受药物治疗的惯用右手受试者（132M/204F，18-25 岁）的 3T MRI。使用虐待和虐待暴露年表量表评估了儿童时期每一年遭受的广泛类别的虐待和忽视，并使用人工智能和预测分析进行了评估。男性海马体积是通过忽视而不是虐待来预测的，直至7岁。女性海马体积是通过虐待（而不是忽视）在 10、11、15 和 16 岁时预测的。高峰年龄的暴露比多重性、严重性或持续时间具有更大的预测重要性。受暴露影响的子区域和部分（头部、身体或尾部）也存在明显的性别差异。一旦考虑到虐待，重度抑郁症、创伤后应激障碍或焦虑症的病史和症状就不能预测海马体积。忽视似乎会导致男性海马体发育不足，而虐待似乎会导致女性出现与压力相关的缺陷。评估精神疾病中海马体积的研究需要控制虐待和忽视对性别的影响。
The hippocampus is a highly stress susceptible structure and hippocampal abnormalities have been reported in a host of psychiatric disorders including major depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The hippocampus appears to be particularly susceptible to early life stress with a graded reduction in volume based on number of types (multiplicity) or severity of maltreatment. We assessed whether the most important predictors of adult hippocampal volume were multiplicity, severity or duration of exposure or timing of maltreatment during developmental sensitive periods. 3T MRIs were collected on 336 unmedicated, right-handed subjects (132M/204F, 18–25 years). Exposure to broad categories of abuse and neglect during each year of childhood were assessed using the Maltreatment and Abuse Chronology of Exposure scale and evaluated using artificial intelligence and predictive analytics. Male hippocampal volume was predicted by neglect, but not abuse, up through 7 years of age. Female hippocampal volume was predicted by abuse, but not neglect, at 10, 11, 15 and 16 years. Exposure at peak age had greater predictive importance than multiplicity, severity or duration. There were also marked gender differences in subfields and portions (head, body or tail) affected by exposure. History and symptoms of major depression, PTSD or anxiety disorders were not predictive of hippocampal volume once maltreatment was accounted for. Neglect appears to foster inadequate hippocampal development in males while abuse appears to produce a stress-related deficit in females. Studies assessing hippocampal volume in psychiatric disorders need to control for the gender-specific effects of abuse and neglect.
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