Food sharing and social cognition.

Food sharing and social cognition.
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食物分享和社会认知。

DOI:
10.1002/wcs.1329
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发表时间:
2015
期刊:
Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Cognitive science
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Legg EW
Legg EW
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Legg EW

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许多非人类动物彼此分享食物,与亲属,配偶和其他无关的个体。当人们与他人分享食物时,他们失去了一种宝贵的资源。因此,传统上许多研究都在研究这种行为如何成为进化稳定策略。直到最近,食物分享行为才被用来研究非人类认知。某些进化稳定的策略被提出来解释食物分享行为,如互惠和交换,可能依赖于复杂的认知能力。在这些情况下,个人可以计算他们可能从与接受者分享中获得的好处。在某些物种中,分享食物可以促进接受者的学习速度和程度。如果捐赠者考虑到接受者的能力水平,这种形式的教学可能在认知上是复杂的。此外,动物的食物分享行为本身可能基于简单的认知机制,可以作为一种工具来研究个体在多大程度上能够具有复杂的认知能力,例如精神状态归因。这三个研究领域,互惠,教学和心理状态归因,说明了食物分享行为如何被用作一种有价值的自然行为来研究非人类动物的认知。WIRES Cogn Sci 2015,6:119-129。doi:10.1002/wcs.1329这篇文章分类下:认知生物学>认知的进化根源
Many non‐human animals share food with each other, with kin, mates, and other unrelated individuals. When individuals share food with others they lose a valuable resource. Thus, traditionally much research has investigated how this behavior can be an evolutionarily stable strategy. Only recently has food‐sharing behavior been exploited to investigate non‐human cognition. Certain evolutionarily stable strategies that have been proposed as accounts for food‐sharing behaviors, such as reciprocity and interchange, may rely on complex cognitive abilities. In these cases, individuals may calculate the benefit they may receive from sharing with the recipient. In some species, sharing of food can facilitate the recipients' rate and extent of learning. This form of teaching may be cognitively complex if the donor takes into account the level of the recipient's abilities. In addition, an animal's food‐sharing behavior, which in itself may be based on a simple cognitive mechanism, could be used as a tool to investigate the extent to which the individual may be capable of complex cognitive abilities, for example, mental‐state attribution. These three areas of research, reciprocity, teaching, and mental‐state attribution, illustrate how food‐sharing behavior can be used as a valuable natural behavior to investigate cognition in non‐human animals.WIREs Cogn Sci2015, 6:119–129. doi: 10.1002/wcs.1329This article is categorized under:Cognitive Biology > Evolutionary Roots of Cognition
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