Train Up a Child: On the Maskilic Attempt to Change the Habitus of Jewish Children and Young Adults
Train Up a Child: On the Maskilic Attempt to Change the Habitus of Jewish Children and Young Adults
复制标题
培养孩子：关于改变犹太儿童和年轻人习惯的面具式尝试
DOI：
10.1080/15244113.2016.1133183
复制
发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
0.4
通讯作者：
Zohar Shavit
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zohar Shavit
18世纪末和19世纪初，犹太启蒙运动的成员和犹太金融企业家进行了一项积极的、有意识的计划，以实现德语地区犹太人习性的重大转变。共生关系使这些团体能够通过多种媒介传播犹太社会的新愿景，包括本文特别探讨的新犹太教育体系和为儿童和年轻人编写的新教育文本。这些教科书对个人卫生、着装、语言、休闲以及与周围环境的互动等日常行为都有指导，不仅达到了预定的受众，也达到了父母一代。早上起床后应该做什么？应该洗吗？如果洗，什么时候洗？一个人在餐桌上应该如何表现？一个人应该怎样穿衣服，怎样利用闲暇时间？这些和其他都是组织一个人生活的日常做法。它们不是自发的行动;相反，它们来自社会规范和文化守则，这些规范和守则是特定社会群体的特征，并将其与其他群体区分开来。换句话说，它们构成了特定个人和他或她所属的社会群体的习性。本文第一次考察了18世纪末和19世纪初德语区犹太社会内部重大变革所导致的犹太人习性的变化，以及新的犹太教育体系在其中所发挥的积极作用。这种变化一般是不显眼的和潜在的;这篇文章，然而，指出了一个有意识的和显着的努力，通过积极的帮助下，由两个关键群体的教育制度，对改变犹太人的习性：犹太启蒙运动（Maskilim）的成员，和犹太金融精英的时间。它考察了促使这两个群体采取行动的现实和动机，它们之间存在的协同关系，以及各自采用的方法。
Members of the Jewish Enlightenment movement and Jewish financial entrepreneurs undertook an active, conscious project to effect significant transformations in the Jewish habitus in German-speaking areas during the late 18th and early 19th centuries. A symbiotic relationship allowed these groups to disseminate a new vision of Jewish society through multiple mediums including, as this article examines in particular, a new Jewish educational system and new educational texts written for children and young adults. With guidelines on daily practices including personal hygiene, dress, language, leisure, and interactions with one’s surroundings, these texts reached not only their intended audience but the parents’ generation as well. What should one do after getting up in the morning? Should one wash, and, if so, when? How should one behave at the table? How should one dress, or employ one’s leisure time? These and others are among the daily practices that organize a person’s life. They are not spontaneous actions; rather, they derive from social norms and cultural codes that characterize a particular social group and distinguish it from others. To put it another way: they comprise the habitus of a specific individual and the social group to which he or she belongs. This article examines for the first time the changes in the Jewish habitus that resulted from significant transformations within Jewish society in German-speaking areas during the late 18th and early 19th centuries, and the active role played by a new Jewish educational system therein. Changes of this sort are generally inconspicuous and latent; this article, however, points to an intentional and marked effort toward transforming the Jewish habitus via the active help of the educational system made by two key groups: members of the Jewish Enlightenment movement (Maskilim), and the Jewish financial elite of the time. It examines the realities and motivations that spurred both groups to action, the synergistic relationship that existed between them, and the methods each employed.
登录
查看更多内容
走出隔都：犹太人解放的社会背景，1770-1870
DOI：
10.2307/1850360
发表时间：
1974
期刊：
The American Historical Review
影响因子：
--
作者：
Jacob Katz
通讯作者：
Jacob Katz
让-雅克·卢梭 (Jean-Jacques Rousseau) 在 1782 年至 1813 年使用语言支付的财富
影响因子：
0.1
作者：
Jacques Mounier
通讯作者：
Jacques Mounier
犹太启蒙运动
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Shmuel Feiner
通讯作者：
Shmuel Feiner
启蒙时期德国儿童文学与犹太希伯来儿童文学之间的文学干扰：以坎普为例
影响因子：
0.5
作者：
Z. Shavit
通讯作者：
Z. Shavit
柏林启蒙运动中的犹太妇女
影响因子：
0.1
作者：
Natalie Naimark
通讯作者：
Natalie Naimark