Comparing categorization models.

Comparing categorization models.
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比较分类模型。

DOI:
10.1037/0096-3445.133.1.63
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发表时间:
2004
期刊:
Journal of experimental psychology. General
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Ratcliff,Roger
Ratcliff,Roger
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Rouder,JeffreyN;Ratcliff,Roger

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给出了四个实验,对基于规则和样本的人类分类行为模型进行了竞争性测试。参与者将一维轴上不同的刺激分为两类。这些刺激并不总是属于一个类别;相反,它们是按概率分配的。通过操纵这些分配概率,有可能产生基于样本和基于规则的解释做出定性不同预测的刺激。在待分类刺激相对容易混淆的情况下,FG Ashby和JT Townsen(1986)的基于规则的一般识别理论比RM Nosofsky(1986)的基于样本的广义语境模型更好地解释了数据。然而,当刺激相对较少和明显时,广义语境模型提供了更好的解释。这些发现与分类的多个过程描述是一致的,并表明刺激混淆是一个决定因素,因为10个过程调节了分类。
Four experiments are presented that competitively test rule-and exemplar-based models of human categorization behavior. Participants classified stimuli that varied on a unidimensional axis into 2 categories. The stimuli did not consistently belong to a category; instead, they were probabilistically assigned. By manipulating these assignment probabilities, it was possible to produce stimuli for which exemplar-and rule-based explanations made qualitatively different predictions. FG Ashby and JT Townsend's (1986) rule-based general recognition theory provided a better account of the data than RM Nosofsky's (1986) exemplar-based generalized context model in conditions in which the to-be-classified stimuli were relatively confusable. However, generalized context model provided a better account when the stimuli were relatively few and distinct. These findings are consistent with multiple process accounts of categorization and demonstrate that stimulus confusion is a determining factor as 10 which process mediates categorization.(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved)
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