Application of Multiple Omics to Understand Postoperative Delirium Pathophysiology in Humans.
Application of Multiple Omics to Understand Postoperative Delirium Pathophysiology in Humans.
复制标题
应用多组学研究人类术后谵妄病理生理。
作者：
谵妄是一种认知的急性改变，是一种常见、病态和昂贵的疾病，特别是在住院的老年人中。尽管对其流行病学的了解越来越多，但对谵妄的病理生理学知之甚少。了解谵妄发病机制的初步工作集中在分析单个或有限的分子子集或遗传位点。生物标志物和药物靶点发现的最新技术进步促进了多种“组学”方法的应用，旨在提供对谵妄等复杂疾病过程的更全面理解。在其基本水平上，“组学”涉及比较基因（基因组学、表观基因组学）、转录物（转录组学）、蛋白质（蛋白质组学）、代谢物（代谢组学）或脂质（脂质组学），这些生物液体或组织来自患有某种疾病（如谵妄）的患者和没有这种疾病的患者。结合机器学习和系统生物学，对这些不同类型的分子进行多组学分析，可以发现谵妄的生物标志物、生物途径和预测因子，从而阐明其病理生理学。本文综述了最近的组学技术，它们在识别谵妄生物标志物方面的影响，以及在增强我们对谵妄发病机制的理解方面的未来潜力。我们总结了鉴定谵妄的特定生物标志物的挑战，更重要的是，在发现谵妄病理生理的机制。基于越来越多的证据，我们强调炎症反应加剧是谵妄风险和进展的一个常见途径，我们建议最近出现的其他有希望的生物学机制。先进的多组学方法与生物信息学方法相结合，有望产生促进谵妄研究的重要发现。
Delirium, an acute change in cognition, is common, morbid, and costly, particularly among hospitalized older adults. Despite growing knowledge of its epidemiology, far less is known about delirium pathophysiology. Initial work understanding delirium pathogenesis has focused on assaying single or a limited subset of molecules or genetic loci. Recent technological advances at the forefront of biomarker and drug target discovery have facilitated application of multiple “omics” approaches aimed to provide a more complete understanding of complex disease processes such as delirium. At its basic level, “omics” involves comparison of genes (genomics, epigenomics), transcripts (transcriptomics), proteins (proteomics), metabolites (metabolomics), or lipids (lipidomics) in biological fluids or tissues obtained from patients who have a certain condition (i.e., delirium) and those who do not. Multi-omics analyses of these various types of molecules combined with machine learning and systems biology enable the discovery of biomarkers, biological pathways, and predictors of delirium, thus elucidating its pathophysiology. This review provides an overview of the most recent omics techniques, their current impact on identifying delirium biomarkers, and future potential in enhancing our understanding of delirium pathogenesis. We summarize challenges in identification of specific biomarkers of delirium and, more importantly, in discovering the mechanisms underlying delirium pathophysiology. Based on mounting evidence, we highlight a heightened inflammatory response as one common pathway in delirium risk and progression, and we suggest other promising biological mechanisms that have recently emerged. Advanced multiple omics approaches coupled with bioinformatics methodologies have great promise to yield important discoveries that will advance delirium research.
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影响因子：
6.8
作者：
Al Tmimi, Layth;Van de Velde, Marc;Rex, Steffen
通讯作者：
Rex, Steffen
影响因子：
13.1
作者：
Cajka, Tomas;Fiehn, Oliver
通讯作者：
Fiehn, Oliver
DOI：
10.1111/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x
发表时间：
1995-01-01
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
BENJAMINI, Y;HOCHBERG, Y
通讯作者：
HOCHBERG, Y
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Cerejeira, Joaquim;Batista, Pedro;Mukaetova-Ladinska, Elizabeta B.
通讯作者：
Mukaetova-Ladinska, Elizabeta B.
影响因子：
5
作者：
Cui, Miao;Cheng, Chao;Zhang, Lanjing
通讯作者：
Zhang, Lanjing