Size variation does not act as insurance in bumble bees; instead, workers add weight in an unpredictable environment
Size variation does not act as insurance in bumble bees; instead, workers add weight in an unpredictable environment
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大小变化对于大黄蜂来说并不能起到保险作用；
DOI：
10.1016/j.anbehav.2020.10.018
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Dornhaus, Anna
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kelemen, Evan P.;Davidowitz, Goggy;Dornhaus, Anna
复杂系统(例如，真社会昆虫群落)由于其组成部分的相互作用而表现出紧急行为。这些成分通常在几个特征上有所不同。这种变化可以通过提高系统的效率或对环境变化的稳健性来改善系统的性能。效率和稳健性这两种结果通常被认为是对立的。因此，只有在某些环境条件下，变化才可能是有益的。在这里，我们旨在了解为什么在一个特定的系统--大黄蜂(Bombus Impatiens)群体中进化出了变异。这些蜂群中的工蚁体型不同，这会影响他们执行的任务以及他们的耐饥性，这分别表明了对效率和健壮性的潜在影响。我们研究了这种变异如何影响不同环境条件下的群体表现，以及群体如何对这些条件做出生理反应。我们保持了生物量相等的菌落，但使用有针对性的工蚁转移，使工蚁的身体大小可变或变化较小。我们发现，在可预测或不可预测的食物环境下，具有不同身体大小的群体并不会产生更多的后代(即没有表现出性能增加的证据)。然而，在不可预测的环境下发育的工蜂相对于它们在羽化时的体重来说更小。这种影响的部分原因是储存的脂类增加，特别是在体型较小的工人中。这些生理变化可能解释了为什么在可预测和不可预测的环境中死亡率没有差异。因此，我们发现大小变化不会影响群体表现，这表明大小变化可能是一种中性性状，因为选择不会对其产生不利影响。我们的结果还表明，工人对环境条件的差异做出了生理反应，这一点在测试系统健壮性时是重要的。
Complex systems (e.g. eusocial insect colonies) exhibit emergent behaviours as a result of the interactions of their components. These components often vary in several traits. Such variation may improve system performance by increasing its efficiency or its robustness to environmental change. These two outcomes, efficiency and robustness, are often thought to be in opposition. Therefore, variation may be beneficial only under certain environmental conditions. Here we aim to understand why variation evolved in a particular system, bumble bee (Bombus impatiens) colonies. Workers in these colonies vary in body size, which affects the tasks they perform as well as their starvation resistance, suggesting potential impacts on efficiency and robustness, respectively. We examine how this variation affects colony performance under different environmental conditions and how colonies respond physiologically to these conditions. We maintained colonies of equal biomass but with either variable or less variable worker body sizes using targeted worker removal. We found that colonies with variable body sizes did not produce more brood (i.e. did not show evidence of increased performance) under predictable or unpredictable food environments. However, workers that developed under the unpredictable environment were smaller relative to their weight at eclosion. This effect was due in part to an increase in stored lipids, particularly in smaller workers. These physiological changes may explain why mortality rates did not differ between the predictable and unpredictable environment. Therefore, our finding that size variation did not affect colony performance suggests that size variation may be a neutral trait, present because selection is not acting against it. Our results also suggest that workers respond physiologically to differences in environmental conditions, which is important to consider when testing system robustness.
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影响因子：
5.1
作者：
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通讯作者：
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DOI：
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期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
1972
期刊：
影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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