Modeling convergent ON and OFF pathways in the early visual system.
Modeling convergent ON and OFF pathways in the early visual system.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00422-008-0252-y
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发表时间：
2008-11
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Meister, Markus
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gollisch, Tim;Meister, Markus
为了理解感觉系统中单个神经元的计算和功能，需要研究感觉刺激如何与神经元的反应相关，以及这种关系背后的生物学机制。刺激-反应关系的数学模型已证明在以系统的、定量的方式处理这些问题方面非常有用。许多这样的分析的起点已经提供了现象学的“线性-非线性”（LN）模型，其中包括一个线性滤波器，然后是一个静态的非线性变换。线性滤波器通常与神经元的感受野相关联。然而，感受野的结构通常是来自许多突触前神经元的输入的结果，这些突触前神经元可以形成并行的信号处理路径。例如，在视网膜中，某些神经节细胞接收来自ON型以及OFF型双极细胞的兴奋性输入。最近的实验表明，这些途径的收敛导致有趣的响应特性，不能被一个单一的线性滤波器捕获。将LN模型调整到生物电路结构的一种方法是使用捕获ON和OFF双极输入的多个并行滤波器。在这里，我们回顾这些新的发展在早期视觉系统中的神经元反应建模，并提供有关一个特定的技术，从实验数据中获得所需的并行滤波器集的细节。
For understanding the computation and function of single neurons in sensory systems, one needs to investigate how sensory stimuli are related to a neuron’s response and which biological mechanisms underlie this relationship. Mathematical models of the stimulus–response relationship have proved very useful in approaching these issues in a systematic, quantitative way. A starting point for many such analyses has been provided by phenomenological “linear–nonlinear” (LN) models, which comprise a linear filter followed by a static nonlinear transformation. The linear filter is often associated with the neuron’s receptive field. However, the structure of the receptive field is generally a result of inputs from many presynaptic neurons, which may form parallel signal processing pathways. In the retina, for example, certain ganglion cells receive excitatory inputs from ON-type as well as OFF-type bipolar cells. Recent experiments have shown that the convergence of these pathways leads to intriguing response characteristics that cannot be captured by a single linear filter. One approach to adjust the LN model to the biological circuit structure is to use multiple parallel filters that capture ON and OFF bipolar inputs. Here, we review these new developments in modeling neuronal responses in the early visual system and provide details about one particular technique for obtaining the required sets of parallel filters from experimental data.
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