Ex Ante and Ex Post Contractualism: A Synthesis
Ex Ante and Ex Post Contractualism: A Synthesis
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事前和事后契约主义:综合
DOI:
10.1007/s10892-019-09282-6
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Suikkanen J
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Suikkanen J
According to contractualist theories in ethics, whether an action is wrong is determined by whether it could be justified to others on grounds no one could reasonably reject. Contractualists then think that reasonable rejectability of principles depends on the strength of the personal objections individuals can make to them. There is, however, a deep disagreement between contractualists concerning from which temporal perspective the relevant objections to different principles are to be made. Are they to be made on the basis of the prospects the principles give to different individualsex anteor on the basis of the outcomes of the principlesex post? Both answers have been found to be problematic. Theex anteviews make irrelevant information about personal identity morally significant and lead to objectionableex anterules, whereasex postviews lead to counterintuitive results in the so-called different harm and social risk imposition cases. The aim of this article is to provide a new synthesis of these views that can avoid the problems of the previous alternatives. I call the proposal ‘risk-acknowledging’ex postcontractualism. The crux of the view is to take into account in the comparisons of different objections both the realised harms and the risks under which individuals have to live.
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DOI:
10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190217471.003.0006
发表时间:
2015
期刊:
Trauma & Gewalt
影响因子:
--
作者:
M. Otsuka
通讯作者:
M. Otsuka
影响因子:
0.9
作者:
Lenman, James
通讯作者:
Lenman, James
DOI:
10.1007/s10892-011-9113-3
发表时间:
2011
期刊:
The Journal of Ethics
影响因子:
--
作者:
B. Fried
通讯作者:
B. Fried
影响因子:
2.2
作者:
Rahul Kumar
通讯作者:
Rahul Kumar
影响因子:
2.2
作者:
J. Frick
通讯作者:
J. Frick