Ex Ante and Ex Post Contractualism: A Synthesis

Ex Ante and Ex Post Contractualism: A Synthesis
复制标题

事前和事后契约主义:综合

DOI:
10.1007/s10892-019-09282-6
复制
发表时间:
2019
期刊:
The Journal of Ethics
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Suikkanen J
Suikkanen J
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Suikkanen J

文献摘要

参考文献

被引文献

相似文献

根据伦理学中的契约主义理论,一个行为是否是错误的,取决于它是否可以在没有人能够合理拒绝的基础上对他人进行辩护。契约主义者于是认为,原则的合理可拒绝性取决于个人对它们的反对的力量。然而,契约主义者对于从哪个时间角度对不同的原则提出相关的反对意见存在深刻的分歧。是根据这些原则对不同性别的个人所作的展望,还是根据这些原则的结果,事后作出决定?这两个答案都被认为是有问题的。前视图使不相关的信息,个人身份的道德意义,并导致objectivableex前规则,whereasex后视图导致违反直觉的结果,在所谓的不同的伤害和社会风险强加的情况下。本文的目的是提供一个新的综合这些观点,可以避免以前的替代品的问题。我把这一提议称为后契约主义的“风险认知”。这种观点的核心是,在对不同反对意见进行比较时,既要考虑到已实现的危害,也要考虑到个人必须生活的风险。
According to contractualist theories in ethics, whether an action is wrong is determined by whether it could be justified to others on grounds no one could reasonably reject. Contractualists then think that reasonable rejectability of principles depends on the strength of the personal objections individuals can make to them. There is, however, a deep disagreement between contractualists concerning from which temporal perspective the relevant objections to different principles are to be made. Are they to be made on the basis of the prospects the principles give to different individualsex anteor on the basis of the outcomes of the principlesex post? Both answers have been found to be problematic. Theex anteviews make irrelevant information about personal identity morally significant and lead to objectionableex anterules, whereasex postviews lead to counterintuitive results in the so-called different harm and social risk imposition cases. The aim of this article is to provide a new synthesis of these views that can avoid the problems of the previous alternatives. I call the proposal ‘risk-acknowledging’ex postcontractualism. The crux of the view is to take into account in the comparisons of different objections both the realised harms and the risks under which individuals have to live.
冒着生命和肢体的危险
DOI: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190217471.003.0006
发表时间: 2015
期刊: Trauma & Gewalt
影响因子: --
作者:
M. Otsuka
通讯作者: M. Otsuka
DOI: 10.1177/1470594x07085153
发表时间: 2008-02-01
影响因子: 0.9
作者:
Lenman, James
通讯作者: Lenman, James
契约主义能把我们从聚合中拯救出来吗?
DOI: 10.1007/s10892-011-9113-3
发表时间: 2011
期刊: The Journal of Ethics
影响因子: --
作者:
B. Fried
通讯作者: B. Fried
捍卫道德温和派:契约主义与常识
DOI: 10.1111/j.1088-4963.1999.00275.x
发表时间: 1999
影响因子: 2.2
作者:
Rahul Kumar
通讯作者: Rahul Kumar
契约主义与社会风险
DOI: 10.1111/papa.12058
发表时间: 2015
影响因子: 2.2
作者:
J. Frick
通讯作者: J. Frick