Examining cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships between multidomain physical fitness metrics, education, and cognition in Black older adults.
Examining cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships between multidomain physical fitness metrics, education, and cognition in Black older adults.
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检查黑人老年人多领域身体健康指标、教育和认知之间的横向和纵向关系。
DOI：
10.1080/13825585.2023.2225848
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hayes,ScottM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stauder,Matthew;Hiersche,KellyJ;Hayes,ScottM
少数研究考察了黑人或非裔美国老年人的认知老化。这项研究的目的是在健康和退休研究(HRS)中对321名黑人或非裔美国老年人进行为期4年的跟踪调查，探讨与健康相关的健康指标、教育和认知之间的关系。通过测量步速、最大呼气流量、握力和体重指数来评估身体健康。通过改编的认知状态电话访谈(TICS)评估全球认知能力。使用相对重要性分析和分层多元回归分析来检验基线横断面关系。多因素Logistic回归用于检验纵向认知状态与预期关系。在基线和后续行动中，教育程度是全球认知的最强预测者。受教育年限越长，在4年内保持认知状态的几率显著增加。在考虑了教育因素后，步态速度与基线认知表现独立相关，并解释了额外的差异。握力、最大呼气流量和体重指数与认知能力没有显著关联。结果表明，与体重指数、握力和最大呼气流量等其他可修改变量相比，可修改变量(包括受教育年限和步态速度)与整体认知的相关性更强。缺乏观察到的其他健康变量和认知之间的关联可能是由于实施了简短的评估方法，这是HRS大规模流行病学方法所必需的。
A limited number of studies examine cognitive aging in Black or African American older adults. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between health-related fitness metrics, education, and cognition at baseline and over a 4-year follow-up in a sample of 321 Black or African American older adults in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). Physical fitness was assessed with measures of gait speed, peak expiratory flow, grip strength, and body mass index. Global cognition was assessed with an adapted version of the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS). Analyses of relative importance and hierarchical multiple regression were used to examine baseline cross-sectional relationships. Multiple logistic regression was used to examine prospective relationships with longitudinal cognitive status. Education was the strongest predictor of global cognition at baseline and follow-up. More years of education significantly increased the odds of maintaining cognitive status at 4-year follow-up. After accounting for education, gait speed was independently associated with baseline cognitive performance and accounted for additional variance. Grip strength, peak expiratory flow, and body mass index were not significantly associated with cognition. The results indicated that modifiable variables, including years of educational attainment and gait speed, were more strongly associated with global cognition than other modifiable variables including body mass index, grip strength, and peak expiratory flow. The lack of observed associations between other fitness variables and cognition may be attributable to the brief assessment methods implemented, which was necessitated by the large-scale, epidemiological approach of the HRS.
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