Factors underlying COVID-19 vaccine and booster hesitancy and refusal, and incentivizing vaccine adoption.
Factors underlying COVID-19 vaccine and booster hesitancy and refusal, and incentivizing vaccine adoption.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0274529
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
本文调查了美国对COVID-19疫苗和加强剂犹豫不决的潜在因素，以及各种激励或抑制措施对扩大接种的有效性。我们使用了2021年9月10日至2021年10月20日通过Qualtrics平台在线收集的3，497名美国成年人的横截面全国调查数据。多项逻辑回归的结果显示，犹豫和拒绝在那些对政府或疫苗有效性缺乏信任的人中最大（犹豫相对风险比，或RRR：2.86，95%CI：2.13-3.83，p<0.001）。在那些通常接种流感疫苗的人中，犹豫和拒绝最低（犹豫RRR：0.28，95% CI：0.21-0.36，p<0.001;拒绝RRR：0.08，95% CI：0.05-0.13，p<0.001）。类似的结果也适用于在完全接种疫苗的人中进行加强注射的意图。货币奖励（即，彩票和礼品卡）在推动人们接种疫苗方面表现不佳。相比之下，失业或医疗保险费增加的前景会显著增加疫苗接种率，分别增加8.7个百分点（p<0.001）和9.4个百分点（p<0.001）。我们还表明，个人犹豫或拒绝接种疫苗的动机各不相同，这反过来又表明，必须相应地改进和指导信息。此外，向前迈进，更深入地研究扩大流感疫苗接种也可能提高大流行时期接种疫苗的意愿的有趣可能性可能是富有成效的。最后，应该强烈考虑诸如基于工作的疫苗接种任务等抑制措施，这些措施将导致失业或拒绝接种疫苗的人的医疗保险费用增加，以提高疫苗接种率，努力解决共同利益。
The paper investigates the factors underlying COVID-19 vaccine and booster hesitancy in the United States, and the efficacy of various incentives or disincentives to expand uptake. We use cross-sectional, national survey data on 3,497 U.S. adults collected online from September 10, 2021 to October 20, 2021 through the Qualtrics platform. Results from a multinomial logistic regression reveal that hesitancy and refusal were greatest among those who expressed a lack of trust either in government or in the vaccine’s efficacy (hesitancy relative risk ratio, or RRR: 2.86, 95% CI: 2.13–3.83, p<0.001). Hesitancy and refusal were lowest among those who typically get a flu vaccine (hesitancy RRR: 0.28, 95% CI: 0.21–0.36, p<0.001; refusal RRR: 0.08, 95% CI: 0.05–0.13, p<0.001). Similar results hold for the intention to get a booster shot among the fully vaccinated. Monetary rewards (i.e., lottery ticket and gift cards) fared poorly in moving people toward vaccination. In contrast, the prospect of job loss or increased health insurance premiums was found to significantly increase vaccine uptake, by 8.7 percentage points (p<0.001) and 9.4 percentage points (p<0.001), respectively. We also show that the motivations underlying individuals’ hesitancy or refusal to get vaccinated vary, which, in turn, suggests that messaging must be refined and directed accordingly. Also, moving forward, it may be fruitful to more deeply study the intriguing possibility that expanding flu vaccine uptake may also enhance willingness to vaccinate in times of pandemics. Last, disincentives such as work-based vaccination mandates that would result in job loss or higher health insurance premiums for those who refuse vaccination should be strongly considered to improve vaccine uptake in the effort to address the common good.
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影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Campos-Mercade, Pol;Meier, Armando N.;Schneider, Florian H.;Meier, Stephan;Pope, Devin;Wengstrom, Erik
通讯作者：
Wengstrom, Erik
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Barber A;West J
通讯作者：
West J
影响因子：
8.4
作者：
Gneezy, Uri;Meier, Stephan;Rey-Biel, Pedro
通讯作者：
Rey-Biel, Pedro
影响因子：
13.7
作者：
Gneezy, U;Rustichini, A
通讯作者：
Rustichini, A
DOI：
10.15585/mmwr.mm7109a2
发表时间：
2022-03-04
期刊：
MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report
影响因子：
--
作者：
Saelee R;Zell E;Murthy BP;Castro-Roman P;Fast H;Meng L;Shaw L;Gibbs-Scharf L;Chorba T;Harris LQ;Murthy N
通讯作者：
Murthy N