Loss of floral repressor function adapts rice to higher latitudes in Europe.
Loss of floral repressor function adapts rice to higher latitudes in Europe.
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DOI：
10.1093/jxb/erv004
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发表时间：
2015-04
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Fornara F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gómez-Ariza J;Galbiati F;Goretti D;Brambilla V;Shrestha R;Pappolla A;Courtois B;Fornara F
花抑制基因的等位基因变体已被人工选择，以降低欧洲种植的水稻品种对光周期的敏感性，从而允许在高纬度地区种植热带品种。区分白天长度变化的能力使植物能够将开花与一年中最有利的季节对齐。当栽培品种适应了不同于最初驯化的环境时，这种能力就被人工选择改变了。短日照促进水稻开花，抽穗期1（Hd 1）和早抽穗期1（Ehd1）诱导抽穗期3a（Hd 3a）和水稻花位点T1（RFT 1）编码的成花蛋白表达。开花抑制子在长日照下拮抗这种诱导，维持营养生长并延迟开花。人工选择长日照抑制基因座在多大程度上促进了水稻种植向欧洲的扩展，目前还不清楚。这项研究表明，欧洲品种激活Hd3a和RFT1的表达，无论白天的长度和他们的诱导是由主要的长日照开花抑制因子的功能丧失突变引起的。然而，它们对开花时间控制的贡献因地点而异。在欧洲种质中经常观察到突变的聚合，但单个突变足以使水稻适应在高纬度开花。Ehd1的表达增加的品种，显示减少或无效的HD1表达在自然长日，以及在单HD1突变体的同基因背景。这些数据表明，阻遏基因的损失一直是一个关键的战略，以扩大水稻种植到欧洲，Ehd1是一个中心节点整合花抑制信号。
Allelic variants of floral repressor genes have been artificially selected to reduce sensitivity to photoperiod of rice varieties cultivated in Europe, allowing cultivation of a tropical species at higher latitudes. The capacity to discriminate variations in day length allows plants to align flowering with the most favourable season of the year. This capacity has been altered by artificial selection when cultivated varieties became adapted to environments different from those of initial domestication. Rice flowering is promoted by short days when HEADING DATE 1 (Hd1) and EARLY HEADING DATE 1 (Ehd1) induce the expression of florigenic proteins encoded by HEADING DATE 3a (Hd3a) and RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T 1 (RFT1). Repressors of flowering antagonize such induction under long days, maintaining vegetative growth and delaying flowering. To what extent artificial selection of long day repressor loci has contributed to expand rice cultivation to Europe is currently unclear. This study demonstrates that European varieties activate both Hd3a and RFT1 expression regardless of day length and their induction is caused by loss-of-function mutations at major long day floral repressors. However, their contribution to flowering time control varies between locations. Pyramiding of mutations is frequently observed in European germplasm, but single mutations are sufficient to adapt rice to flower at higher latitudes. Expression of Ehd1 is increased in varieties showing reduced or null Hd1 expression under natural long days, as well as in single hd1 mutants in isogenic backgrounds. These data indicate that loss of repressor genes has been a key strategy to expand rice cultivation to Europe, and that Ehd1 is a central node integrating floral repressive signals.
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影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Ebana, Kaworu;Shibaya, Taeko;Wu, Jianzhong;Matsubara, Kazuki;Kanamori, Hiroyuki;Yamane, Hiroko;Yamanouchi, Utako;Mizubayashi, Tatsumi;Kono, Izumi;Shomura, Ayahiko;Ito, Sachie;Ando, Tsuyu;Hori, Kiyosumi;Matsumoto, Takashi;Yano, Masahiro
通讯作者：
Yano, Masahiro
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0805303105
发表时间：
2008-08-26
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Fujino, Kenji;Sekiguchi, Hiroshi;Yano, Masahiro
通讯作者：
Yano, Masahiro
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
Bradbury, Peter J.;Zhang, Zhiwu;Buckler, Edward S.
通讯作者：
Buckler, Edward S.
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Fujino, Kenji;Sekiguchi, Hiroshi
通讯作者：
Sekiguchi, Hiroshi
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Fujino, Kenji;Wu, Jianzhong;Matsumoto, Takashi
通讯作者：
Matsumoto, Takashi