Biological significance of urolithins, the gut microbial ellagic Acid-derived metabolites: the evidence so far.
Biological significance of urolithins, the gut microbial ellagic Acid-derived metabolites: the evidence so far.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1155/2013/270418
复制
发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Tomás-Barberán F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Espín JC;Larrosa M;García-Conesa MT;Tomás-Barberán F
石榴的健康益处与其高含量的多酚（尤其是鞣花单宁）有关。其他含有鞣花单宁的水果和坚果（包括草莓、覆盆子、黑莓、核桃和圆叶葡萄）也是如此。然而，鞣花单宁和鞣花酸的生物利用度非常低。这些分子经过肠道微生物群的广泛代谢，产生更容易吸收的尿石素。尿石素以葡萄糖醛酸和硫酸盐结合物的形式在血浆中循环，浓度范围为 0.2–20μM。因此可以想象，含鞣花单宁的产品对健康的影响可能与这些肠道产生的尿石素有关，因此评估这些代谢物的生物效应至关重要。最近的研究主要基于体外测试，初步证据表明尿石素具有抗炎、抗癌、抗糖化、抗氧化和抗菌作用，支持其对石榴和富含鞣花单宁的食物的健康影响的潜在贡献。体内研究的数量仍然有限，但它们显示了尿石素对肠道和全身炎症的预防作用，这鼓励进一步的研究。为了阐明这些代谢物对健康的影响，有必要进行体内和机制研究。在设计这些机制研究时应注意，以便以体内可达到的浓度使用生理相关代谢物（肠道模型中的尿石素及其全身模型中的缀合衍生物）。
The health benefits attributed to pomegranate have been associated with its high content in polyphenols, particularly ellagitannins. This is also the case for other ellagitannin-containing fruits and nuts including strawberry, raspberry, blackberry, walnuts, and muscadine grapes. The bioavailability of ellagitannins and ellagic acid is however very low. These molecules suffer extensive metabolism by the gut microbiota to produce urolithins that are much better absorbed. Urolithins circulate in plasma as glucuronide and sulfate conjugates at concentrations in the range of 0.2–20 μM. It is therefore conceivable that the health effects of ellagitannin-containing products can be associated with these gut-produced urolithins, and thus the evaluation of the biological effects of these metabolites is essential. Recent research, mostly based on in vitro testing, has shown preliminary evidence of the anti-inflammatory, anticarcinogenic, antiglycative, antioxidant, and antimicrobial effects of urolithins, supporting their potential contribution to the health effects attributed to pomegranate and ellagitannin-rich foods. The number of in vivo studies is still limited, but they show preventive effects of urolithins on gut and systemic inflammation that encourage further research. Both in vivo and mechanistic studies are necessary to clarify the health effects of these metabolites. Attention should be paid when designing these mechanistic studies in order to use the physiologically relevant metabolites (urolithins in gut models and their conjugated derivatives in systemic models) at concentrations that can be reached in vivo.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
6.1
作者：
Furlanetto, Valentina;Zagotto, Giuseppe;Gatto, Barbara
通讯作者：
Gatto, Barbara
影响因子：
6.1
作者：
Gonzalez-Barrio, Rocio;Truchado, Pilar;Tomas-Barberan, Francisco A.
通讯作者：
Tomas-Barberan, Francisco A.
影响因子：
6.1
作者：
Cerdá, B;Tomás-Barberán, FA;Espín, JC
通讯作者：
Espín, JC
DOI：
10.1007/bf01229682
发表时间：
1996-01-01
期刊：
ZEITSCHRIFT FUR LEBENSMITTEL-UNTERSUCHUNG UND-FORSCHUNG
影响因子：
--
作者：
Ferreres, F;Andrade, P;TomasBarberan, FA
通讯作者：
TomasBarberan, FA
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
FILIPPICH, LJ;ZHU, J;ENGLISH, PB
通讯作者：
ENGLISH, PB