Influenza.
Influenza.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1038/s41572-018-0002-y
复制
发表时间：
2018-06-28
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
García-Sastre A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Krammer F;Smith GJD;Fouchier RAM;Peiris M;Kedzierska K;Doherty PC;Palese P;Shaw ML;Treanor J;Webster RG;García-Sastre A
流感是一种传染性呼吸道疾病，在人类中，由甲型流感病毒和B型流感病毒引起。通常以年度季节性流行为特征，零星大流行爆发涉及人畜共患甲型流感病毒株。WHO估计，每年流感流行导致约10亿例感染，300 - 500万例严重疾病和300，000 - 500，000例死亡。大流行性流感的严重程度取决于多种因素，包括大流行性病毒株的毒力和预先存在的免疫水平。1918年最严重的流感大流行导致全球超过4000万人死亡。流感疫苗每年都被配制成与流行的毒株相匹配，因为它们由于抗原漂移而发生抗原性进化。然而，疫苗效力不是最佳的，并且在疫苗和循环病毒株之间的抗原错配的情况下显著低。已经开发了靶向流感病毒酶神经氨酸酶的抗病毒剂用于预防和治疗。然而，这些抗病毒药物的使用仍然有限。对抗流感的新方法包括开发通用流感病毒疫苗，提供针对抗原性遥远的流感病毒的保护，但这些疫苗需要在临床试验中进行测试以确定其有效性。流感是一种传染性呼吸道疾病，在人类中，由甲型流感病毒和B型流感病毒引起。本入门书讨论了流感病毒的生物学特征、其对人类和动物健康的影响以及减轻这种疾病负担的缓解策略。
Influenza is an infectious respiratory disease that, in humans, is caused by influenza A and influenza B viruses. Typically characterized by annual seasonal epidemics, sporadic pandemic outbreaks involve influenza A virus strains of zoonotic origin. The WHO estimates that annual epidemics of influenza result in ~1 billion infections, 3–5 million cases of severe illness and 300,000–500,000 deaths. The severity of pandemic influenza depends on multiple factors, including the virulence of the pandemic virus strain and the level of pre-existing immunity. The most severe influenza pandemic, in 1918, resulted in >40 million deaths worldwide. Influenza vaccines are formulated every year to match the circulating strains, as they evolve antigenically owing to antigenic drift. Nevertheless, vaccine efficacy is not optimal and is dramatically low in the case of an antigenic mismatch between the vaccine and the circulating virus strain. Antiviral agents that target the influenza virus enzyme neuraminidase have been developed for prophylaxis and therapy. However, the use of these antivirals is still limited. Emerging approaches to combat influenza include the development of universal influenza virus vaccines that provide protection against antigenically distant influenza viruses, but these vaccines need to be tested in clinical trials to ascertain their effectiveness. Influenza is an infectious respiratory disease that, in humans, is caused by influenza A and influenza B viruses. This Primer discusses the biological features of influenza viruses, their effects on human and animal health and the mitigation strategies to reduce the burden of this disease.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
17.1
作者：
Andrews SF;Huang Y;Kaur K;Popova LI;Ho IY;Pauli NT;Henry Dunand CJ;Taylor WM;Lim S;Huang M;Qu X;Lee JH;Salgado-Ferrer M;Krammer F;Palese P;Wrammert J;Ahmed R;Wilson PC
通讯作者：
Wilson PC
影响因子：
6.7
作者：
Butler J;Hooper KA;Petrie S;Lee R;Maurer-Stroh S;Reh L;Guarnaccia T;Baas C;Xue L;Vitesnik S;Leang SK;McVernon J;Kelso A;Barr IG;McCaw JM;Bloom JD;Hurt AC
通讯作者：
Hurt AC
DOI：
10.1126/science.1187816
发表时间：
2010-06-04
期刊：
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bloom JD;Gong LI;Baltimore D
通讯作者：
Baltimore D
DOI：
10.1126/science.aaa1578
发表时间：
2015-04-24
期刊：
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Ciancanelli MJ;Huang SX;Luthra P;Garner H;Itan Y;Volpi S;Lafaille FG;Trouillet C;Schmolke M;Albrecht RA;Israelsson E;Lim HK;Casadio M;Hermesh T;Lorenzo L;Leung LW;Pedergnana V;Boisson B;Okada S;Picard C;Ringuier B;Troussier F;Chaussabel D;Abel L;Pellier I;Notarangelo LD;García-Sastre A;Basler CF;Geissmann F;Zhang SY;Snoeck HW;Casanova JL
通讯作者：
Casanova JL
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Abdelwhab el-SM;Veits J;Mettenleiter TC
通讯作者：
Mettenleiter TC