Consequences of the expanding global distribution of Aedes albopictus for dengue virus transmission.
Consequences of the expanding global distribution of Aedes albopictus for dengue virus transmission.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pntd.0000646
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发表时间：
2010-05-25
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Gubler DJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lambrechts L;Scott TW;Gubler DJ
过去三十年来，白纹伊蚊在全球范围内的急剧扩张加剧了人们对公共卫生的担忧，因为它是许多节足动物传播病毒（虫媒病毒）的潜在媒介，包括人类最普遍的虫媒病毒病原体--登革热病毒（DENV）。AE.埃及伊蚊被认为是主要的登革病毒载体，并一再被认为是登革热在世界范围内出现的驱动力。目前尚未解决的问题是Ae.白纹伊蚊有助于登革病毒的传播，以及对其病媒地位的进一步了解是否会加强登革监测和预防。评估Ae的相对公共卫生重要性。白纹伊蚊的登革热，我们进行了两个互补的分析。我们回顾了它在过去登革热流行中的作用，并比较了它与Ae的DENV载体能力。埃及人。从“自然实验”的观察表明，尽管看似有利的条件，地方，Ae。albopictus在Ae.埃及人从未经历过典型的爆发性登革热流行病和严重病例。实验室研究的荟萃分析结果显示，虽然Ae。白纹伊蚊总体上更易受DENV中肠感染，Ae中病毒从中肠传播到其他组织的速率显著较低。albopictus比在Ae.埃及人。对于这两个指数的载体能力，几代蚊子殖民似乎导致相对增加的Ae。白纹伊蚊易感性，这可能是文献中的一个混杂因素。我们的结果导致的结论是，Ae。与Ae.埃及伊蚊在登革病毒传播中的作用，至少部分是由于宿主偏好的差异和媒介能力的降低。然而，最近虫媒病毒快速适应替代蚊子载体的例子，需要谨慎推断我们的结论。病媒状况是一个动态过程，今后可能以流行病学上重要的方式发生变化。
The dramatic global expansion of Aedes albopictus in the last three decades has increased public health concern because it is a potential vector of numerous arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses), including the most prevalent arboviral pathogen of humans, dengue virus (DENV). Ae. aegypti is considered the primary DENV vector and has repeatedly been incriminated as a driving force in dengue's worldwide emergence. What remains unresolved is the extent to which Ae. albopictus contributes to DENV transmission and whether an improved understanding of its vector status would enhance dengue surveillance and prevention. To assess the relative public health importance of Ae. albopictus for dengue, we carried out two complementary analyses. We reviewed its role in past dengue epidemics and compared its DENV vector competence with that of Ae. aegypti. Observations from “natural experiments” indicate that, despite seemingly favorable conditions, places where Ae. albopictus predominates over Ae. aegypti have never experienced a typical explosive dengue epidemic with severe cases of the disease. Results from a meta-analysis of experimental laboratory studies reveal that although Ae. albopictus is overall more susceptible to DENV midgut infection, rates of virus dissemination from the midgut to other tissues are significantly lower in Ae. albopictus than in Ae. aegypti. For both indices of vector competence, a few generations of mosquito colonization appear to result in a relative increase of Ae. albopictus susceptibility, which may have been a confounding factor in the literature. Our results lead to the conclusion that Ae. albopictus plays a relatively minor role compared to Ae. aegypti in DENV transmission, at least in part due to differences in host preferences and reduced vector competence. Recent examples of rapid arboviral adaptation to alternative mosquito vectors, however, call for cautious extrapolation of our conclusion. Vector status is a dynamic process that in the future could change in epidemiologically important ways.
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