A lysosomal switch triggers proteostasis renewal in the immortal C. elegans germ lineage.

A lysosomal switch triggers proteostasis renewal in the immortal C. elegans germ lineage.
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DOI:
10.1038/nature24620
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发表时间:
2017-11-30
期刊:
影响因子:
64.8
通讯作者:
Kenyon C
Kenyon C
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bohnert KA;Kenyon C

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尽管个体会随着时间的推移而衰老和死亡,但动物物种可以无限期地延续下去,因为它有永生的生殖细胞谱系。生殖系如何避免将损害从一代传递到下一代仍然是生物学中的一个基本问题。在这里,我们确定了一个溶酶体开关,提高生殖细胞蛋白质稳定受精前。我们发现,秀丽隐杆线虫卵母细胞的成熟被逮捕的精子的情况下表现出蛋白质稳态崩溃的标志,包括蛋白质聚集。值得注意的是,一旦受精迫在眉睫,精子分泌的激素就会重新建立卵母细胞蛋白质稳态。这种恢复的关键是液泡H+-ATP酶(V-ATP酶)的激活,这是一种酸化溶酶体的质子泵。精子刺激V-ATP酶活性的卵母细胞的信号降解的GLD-1,翻译抑制剂,阻断V-ATP酶的合成。活化的溶酶体,反过来,促进代谢转变,动员蛋白质聚集体降解,并通过包封和清除聚集体重置蛋白质稳态。溶酶体酸化也发生在非洲爪蟾卵母细胞成熟过程中,因此,溶酶体开关,提高卵母细胞的蛋白质稳态预期受精可能是保守的其他物种。
Although individuals age and die with time, an animal species can continue indefinitely, because of its immortal germ-cell lineage. How the germline avoids transmitting damage from one generation to the next remains a fundamental question in biology. Here we identify a lysosomal switch that enhances germline proteostasis before fertilization. We find that Caenorhabditis elegans oocytes whose maturation is arrested by the absence of sperm exhibit hallmarks of proteostasis collapse, including protein aggregation. Remarkably, sperm-secreted hormones re-establish oocyte proteostasis once fertilization becomes imminent. Key to this restoration is activation of the vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase), a proton pump that acidifies lysosomes. Sperm stimulate V-ATPase activity in oocytes by signalling the degradation of GLD-1, a translational repressor that blocks V-ATPase synthesis. Activated lysosomes, in turn, promote a metabolic shift that mobilizes protein aggregates for degradation, and reset proteostasis by enveloping and clearing the aggregates. Lysosome acidification also occurs during Xenopus oocyte maturation; thus, a lysosomal switch that enhances oocyte proteostasis in anticipation of fertilization may be conserved in other species.
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