Neuronal activity-regulated gene transcription in synapse development and cognitive function.

Neuronal activity-regulated gene transcription in synapse development and cognitive function.
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DOI:
10.1101/cshperspect.a005744
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发表时间:
2011-06-01
影响因子:
7.2
通讯作者:
Greenberg ME
Greenberg ME
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
West AE;Greenberg ME

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脊椎动物神经元依赖活动的可塑性使大脑能够对环境做出反应。在大脑发育过程中,自发和感觉驱动的神经活动对于指导突触发育过程是必不可少的。神经元活性的这些效应部分是通过一组活性依赖的转录因子的协同调节来传递的,这些转录因子协调突触形成和成熟所需的基因表达程序。在这里,我们回顾了在脑发育过程中调节转录因子活性的细胞信号网络,并讨论了特定活性调节的转录因子在突触形成、细化和成熟的特定阶段中的功能作用。有趣的是,一些神经发育障碍与活动调节的转录途径的异常有关,这表明这些信号网络对认知发展和功能至关重要。
Activity-dependent plasticity of vertebrate neurons allows the brain to respond to its environment. During brain development, both spontaneous and sensory-driven neural activity are essential for instructively guiding the process of synapse development. These effects of neuronal activity are transduced in part through the concerted regulation of a set of activity-dependent transcription factors that coordinate a program of gene expression required for the formation and maturation of synapses. Here we review the cellular signaling networks that regulate the activity of transcription factors during brain development and discuss the functional roles of specific activity-regulated transcription factors in specific stages of synapse formation, refinement, and maturation. Interestingly, a number of neurodevelopmental disorders have been linked to abnormalities in activity-regulated transcriptional pathways, indicating that these signaling networks are critical for cognitive development and function.
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