Architecture and storage in Mediterranean environments: Case studies from the Aegean and southern California

Architecture and storage in Mediterranean environments: Case studies from the Aegean and southern California
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地中海环境中的建筑和存储:爱琴海和南加州的案例研究

DOI:
10.1016/j.quaint.2020.09.007
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
2.2
通讯作者:
Jazwa, Christopher S.
Jazwa, Christopher S.
中科院分区:
地球科学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Jazwa, Kyle A.;Jazwa, Christopher S.

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本文对世界地中海气候地区的定居社区的建筑空间和存储空间的组织进行了比较研究,并评估了某些共同的潜在特征的不同表达。我们的分析集中在两个主要的案例研究上:新石器时代到罗马时期(公元前6800年-公元168年)爱琴海地区的居住者,以及晚期(公元1300年- 1782年)南加州的丘马什沿海地区。我们表明,在这两个地区,家庭在每年的长时间有利天气期间利用户外空间作为生产活动区域。这种外部空间的结合通常使用清晰的视觉线索或建筑结构。此外,剩余粮食由个别家庭获取并储存,以减轻降水年际变化和预期的年度低产期(即冬季)的固有风险。由于存储通常是在家庭层面组织的,因此家庭建筑通常包含专门的空间或建造的设施来管理这些多余的空间。通过了解气候对该地区建筑和存储基础设施的影响,可以更好地表达这些表达的独特文化品质。虽然我们并不认为这些属性表现出相同的外部建筑和材料形式,或者是地中海环境所独有的,但我们认为环境对建筑和存储决策有重要影响,可以根据各自社区的当地历史进行调整。
This paper offers a comparative look at the organization of built space and storage for sedentary communities in the world's Mediterranean climatic regions and assesses the variable expressions of certain underlying features that are held in common. Our analysis focuses on two primary case studies: the occupants of the Aegean Sea region from the Neolithic to Roman periods (ca. 6800 BCE-168 CE) and the coastal Chumash of southern California during the Late Period (1300–1782 CE). We show that in both regions, households took advantage of outdoor spaces as productive activity areas during the long periods of favorable weather each year. This incorporation of exterior spaces was typically structured using clear visual cues or architecture. Additionally, surplus food was acquired by individual households and stored to mitigate the inherent risks of interannual variability in precipitation and expected annual periods of lower yield (i.e., winter). Since storage was typically organized at the household level, the domestic architecture often incorporated dedicated space or built facilities to manage this surplus. By understanding such climatic influences on the regions' architecture and storage infrastructure, the distinct cultural qualities of these expressions can be better articulated. While it is not our contention that these attributes manifested identical outward architectural and material forms or were exclusive to Mediterranean environments, we suggest that the environment was an important influence on construction and storage decisions which could be adapted according to the local histories of their respective communities.
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