The evolutionary origins of natural pedagogy: Rhesus monkeys show sustained attention following nonsocial cues versus social communicative signals.

The evolutionary origins of natural pedagogy: Rhesus monkeys show sustained attention following nonsocial cues versus social communicative signals.
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DOI:
10.1111/desc.12987
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发表时间:
2021-01
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Rosati AG
Rosati AG
中科院分区:
心理学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bettle R;Rosati AG

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自然教育学假说认为,人类婴儿优先注意来自他人的交流信号,促进快速的文化学习。在这种观点中,对这些信号的敏感性是人类特有的适应性,因此非人类动物不应该产生或利用这些交流信号。我们测试这些进化的预测,通过检查206恒河猴(猕猴)的沟通线索的敏感性,使用预期期待的时间任务与婴儿之前的工作为蓝本。猴子观察一个人类演员,这个演员要么与猴子进行眼神接触并向猴子发声(社会线索),要么在她的面前挥舞水果并发出敲击声(非社会线索)。然后,演员要么看着一个对象(参照看),要么看着空的空间(看不见)。我们发现,与人类婴儿在类似情况下不同,恒河猴在非社会线索下观察事件的时间更长,而不管演示者随后的观察行为如何。此外,年轻和年长的猴子在整个发育过程中表现出相似的反应模式。这些结果为自然教育学假说提供了支持,同时也突出了人类对交际信号敏感性的进化变化。
The natural pedagogy hypothesis proposes that human infants preferentially attend to communicative signals from others, facilitating rapid cultural learning. In this view, sensitivity to such signals are a uniquely human adaptation and as such nonhuman animals should not produce or utilize these communicative signals. We test these evolutionary predictions by examining sensitivity to communicative cues in 206 rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) using an expectancy looking time task modeled on prior work with infants. Monkeys observed a human actor who either made eye contact and vocalized to the monkey (social cue), or waved a fruit in front of her face and produced a tapping sound (nonsocial cue). The actor then either looked at an object (referential look) or looked towards empty space (look away). We found that, unlike human infants in analogous situations, rhesus monkeys looked longer at events following nonsocial cues, regardless of the demonstrator’s subsequent looking behavior. Moreover, younger and older monkeys showed similar patterns of responses across development. These results provide support for the natural pedagogy hypothesis, while also highlighting evolutionary changes in human sensitivity to communicative signals.
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