Antidiuretic hormone and exocytosis: lessons from neurosecretion.

Antidiuretic hormone and exocytosis: lessons from neurosecretion.
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抗利尿激素和胞吐作用:神经分泌的教训。

DOI:
10.1152/ajpcell.1994.267.6.c1507
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发表时间:
1994
期刊:
The American journal of physiology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Gao,Y
Gao,Y
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hays,RM;Franki,N;Simon,H;Gao,Y

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许多细胞,无论是单个的还是上皮的,都被编程为胞吐。在大多数情况下,胞质囊泡的内容物被迅速地直接输送到细胞外液中。这一过程在嗜铬细胞和神经末梢中得到了深入的研究,与其他细胞一样,胞吐作用受到复杂类型的细胞骨架的控制。一系列囊泡相关蛋白介导囊泡与细胞骨架的附着、释放以及与质膜的融合。囊泡的两个功能池,可释放池和储备池,进行即刻和长期的分泌活动。一些神经递质囊泡融合的介体,最初被认为仅限于神经分泌细胞,现在已经在非神经细胞中发现。哺乳动物的集合管和两栖动物的膀胱也参与胞吐作用。在这两种上皮中,抗利尿激素(ADH)诱导水通道从细胞质小泡转移到顶端细胞膜。这一过程比神经末梢慢,并以通道放置结束,而不是囊泡内容物的挤出。然而,在几个方面,细胞骨架控制、细胞内小泡定位、对接和融合可能被证明与神经分泌中的事件相似。本文首先综述了红细胞、嗜铬细胞和神经末梢中细胞骨架的结构和功能,然后介绍了ADH诱导的胞吐作用的研究现状,重点介绍了细胞骨架控制中的共同主题。
Many cells, both single and epithelial, are programmed for exocytosis. In most cases, the contents of cytoplasmic vesicles are delivered rapidly and directly to the extracellular fluid. The process has been intensively studied in the chromaffin cell and the nerve terminal, where, as in other cells, exocytosis is under a complex type of cytoskeletal control. An array of vesicle-associated proteins mediates attachment of the vesicles to the cytoskeleton, their release, and their fusion with the plasma membrane. Two functional pools of vesicles, the releasable and reserve pool, carry out immediate and long-term secretory activity. Some of the mediators of neurotransmitter vesicle fusion, originally thought to be restricted to neurosecretory cells, have now been found in nonneuronal cells. The mammalian collecting duct and the amphibian bladder are also engaged in exocytosis. In both epithelia, antidiuretic hormone (ADH) induces the transfer of water channels from cytoplasmic vesicles to the apical cell membrane. The process is slower than in the nerve terminal and ends with channel placement rather than the extrusion of vesicular contents. Nevertheless, there are several respects in which cytoskeletal control, vesicle positioning in the cell, docking, and fusion may prove to resemble the events in neurosecretion. This review begins with a survey of cytoskeletal structure and function in the erythrocyte, the chromaffin cell, and the nerve terminal and then presents current studies of ADH-induced exocytosis, emphasizing common themes in cytoskeletal control.
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