Carbon Atom Insertion into Pyrroles and Indoles Promoted by Chlorodiazirines.

Carbon Atom Insertion into Pyrroles and Indoles Promoted by Chlorodiazirines.
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碳原子插入由叶绿素促进的吡咯和吲哚。

DOI:
10.1021/jacs.1c06287
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发表时间:
2021-08-04
影响因子:
15
通讯作者:
Levin MD
Levin MD
中科院分区:
化学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dherange BD;Kelly PQ;Liles JP;Sigman MS;Levin MD

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Herein, we report a reaction that selectively generates 3-arylpyridine and quinoline motifs by inserting aryl carbynyl cation equivalents into pyrrole and indole cores, respectively. By employing α-chlorodiazirines as thermal precursors to the corresponding chlorocarbenes, the traditional haloform-based protocol central to the parent Ciamician-Dennstedt rearrangement can be modified to directly afford 3-(hetero)arylpyridines and quinolines. Chlorodiazirines are conveniently prepared in a single step by oxidation of commercially available amidinium salts. Selectivity as a function of pyrrole substitution pattern was examined, and a predictive model based on steric effects is put forward, with DFT calculations supporting a selectivity-determining cyclopropanation step. Computations surprisingly indicate that the stereochemistry of cyclopropanation is of little consequence to the subsequent electrocyclic ring opening that forges the pyridine core, due to a compensatory homoaromatic stabilization that counterbalances orbital-controlled torquoselectivity effects. The utility of this skeletal transform is further demonstrated through the preparation of quinolinophanes and the skeletal editing of pharmaceutically relevant pyrroles.
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