Polθ Inhibition: An Anticancer Therapy for HR-Deficient Tumours.

Polθ Inhibition: An Anticancer Therapy for HR-Deficient Tumours.
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DOI:
10.3390/ijms24010319
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发表时间:
2022-12-24
影响因子:
5.6
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
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DNA聚合酶θ (Polθ)介导的末端连接(TMEJ)与同源重组(HR)和非同源末端连接(NHEJ)一起,是修复潜在致命DNA双链断裂(dsb)的最重要机制之一。Polθ正成为癌症研究的新靶点,因为它与其他DNA修复机制(例如涉及PARP1, BRCA1/2, DNA- pk, ATR)的许多合成致命相互作用。Polθ的抑制可以通过不同的方法实现,如RNA干扰(RNAi)、CRISPR/Cas9技术或使用小分子抑制剂。在本课题背景下,与小分子抑制剂不同,RNAi和CRISPR/Cas9更多的还是应用于研究本身,而不是临床应用。已经产生了几种Polθ抑制剂,其中两种,新生物素(NVB)和ART812衍生物,正在针对hr缺陷肿瘤的临床试验中进行测试。在这篇综述中,我们描述了Polθ和Polθ介导的TMEJ通路的意义。此外,我们总结了目前关于Polθ抑制剂的知识状况,并强调了Polθ作为治疗靶点的前景。
DNA polymerase theta (Polθ)-mediated end joining (TMEJ) is, along with homologous recombination (HR) and non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ), one of the most important mechanisms repairing potentially lethal DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). Polθ is becoming a new target in cancer research because it demonstrates numerous synthetically lethal interactions with other DNA repair mechanisms, e.g., those involving PARP1, BRCA1/2, DNA-PK, ATR. Inhibition of Polθ could be achieved with different methods, such as RNA interference (RNAi), CRISPR/Cas9 technology, or using small molecule inhibitors. In the context of this topic, RNAi and CRISPR/Cas9 are still more often applied in the research itself rather than clinical usage, different than small molecule inhibitors. Several Polθ inhibitors have been already generated, and two of them, novobiocin (NVB) and ART812 derivative, are being tested in clinical trials against HR-deficient tumors. In this review, we describe the significance of Polθ and the Polθ-mediated TMEJ pathway. In addition, we summarize the current state of knowledge about Polθ inhibitors and emphasize the promising role of Polθ as a therapeutic target.
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