Electrophysiological Signature of Emotional Memories
Electrophysiological Signature of Emotional Memories
复制标题
情感记忆的电生理特征
DOI：
10.1016/b978-0-12-398393-0.00002-x
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. Hamm
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Weymar;A. Hamm
当回忆过去的事件时，似乎很明显，人类对情感唤起的事件的记忆比与情感无关的经历更好。这些情感记忆通常是非常健壮、持久、非常详细和生动的。因此，有人认为，就像相机的闪光灯(Brown&Kulik，1977)一样，情感记忆生动地保存了当时发生的情感事件(亲戚去世的消息，9·11恐怖袭击等)。此外，个人往往觉得这些情感记忆非常准确；也就是说，他们对这些记忆的信心高于对他们生活中其他记忆的信心。从进化论的角度来看，对令人厌恶和愉快的经历的强烈、生动的记忆对生存很重要，并且应该随着时间的推移保持一致，以促进将来再次遇到类似事件时的回避和繁殖成功(Dolan，2002)。因此，它是自适应的，以增强记忆巩固和存储的事件是情感吸引。然而，这样的生存系统可能会变得不适应；当经历非常不愉快或创伤时，长期的、痛苦的情感记忆可能会导致焦虑症(例如，创伤后应激障碍，PTSD)。在这种情况下，创伤记忆会困扰人的一生，比任何愉快的记忆持续的时间都要长(Porter&Peace，2007)。
When remembering events from the past, it seems obvious that humans remember emotionally arousing events better than experiences without emotional relevance. These emotional memories are often extremely robust, long lasting, very detailed, and vivid. Therefore, it has been suggested that, like a camera’s flash (Brown & Kulik, 1977), emotional memories vividly conserve an emotional incident as it happened at that moment (news of the death of a relative, the September 11 terrorist attacks, etc.). Moreover, individuals often feel that these emotional memories are very accurate; that is, they have higher confidence in these memories than in other memories of their lives. From an evolutionary perspective, robust, vivid memories for aversive and pleasant experiences are important for survival and should be consistent over time to facilitate avoidance and reproductive success when similar events are reencountered in the future (Dolan, 2002). Therefore, it is adaptive to enhance memory consolidation and storage for events that are emotionally engaging. However, such a survival system can become maladaptive; long lasting, hurting, emotional memories can cause anxiety disorders (eg, posttraumatic stress disorder, PTSD) when experiences are extremely unpleasant or traumatic. In this case, traumatic memories can haunt the individual throughout the entire life span, lasting longer than any pleasant memories (Porter & Peace, 2007).
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Voss JL;Federmeier KD
通讯作者：
Federmeier KD
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Brunet, Alain;Orr, Scott P.;Pitman, Roger K.
通讯作者：
Pitman, Roger K.
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
LANG, PJ;GREENWALD, MK;HAMM, AO
通讯作者：
HAMM, AO
DOI：
10.1037/0278-7393.18.2.379
发表时间：
1992-03-01
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
BRADLEY, MM;GREENWALD, MK;LANG, PJ
通讯作者：
LANG, PJ