A perspective on brain-behavior relationships and effects of age and hearing using speech-in-noise stimuli.
A perspective on brain-behavior relationships and effects of age and hearing using speech-in-noise stimuli.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.heares.2018.03.024
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发表时间：
2018-11
期刊：
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Madsen BM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Billings CJ;Madsen BM
对于年龄较大且有听力障碍的人来说，理解背景噪音中的语音通常比年轻的听力正常的人更困难。事实上，有听力障碍的老年人的语言理解能力差异很大。研究人员假设，其中一些变异性可以通过大脑如何在存在噪音的情况下编码语音信号来解释，并且大脑测量可能有助于预测难以测试的患者的行为表现。在一系列实验中，我们探索了年龄和听力障碍在大脑和行为领域的影响，目的是使用大脑措施来提高我们对噪声中言语困难的理解。行为措施检查表明，听力障碍的影响大小是6-10分贝大于年龄的影响时，在稳态噪声测试，而电生理年龄效应的幅度类似的听力障碍。年龄和听力状况都影响神经对语音的反应以及背景噪声中的语音理解。这些影响又可以由其他因素调节，例如背景噪声本身的特性。最后，使用电生理学来预测接受性噪声中的语音任务的性能是有希望的，表现出均方根预测误差小至1-2 dB。这一研究领域的一个重要步骤是在整个生命周期和听力图中连续（而不是分类）对衰老和听力障碍变量进行采样，以改善效果估计。
Understanding speech in background noise is often more difficult for individuals who are older and have hearing impairment than for younger, normal-hearing individuals. In fact, speech-understanding abilities among older individuals with hearing impairment varies greatly. Researchers have hypothesized that some of that variability can be explained by how the brain encodes speech signals in the presence of noise, and that brain measures may be useful for predicting behavioral performance in difficult-to-test patients. In a series of experiments, we have explored the effects of age and hearing impairment in both brain and behavioral domains with the goal of using brain measures to improve our understanding of speech-in-noise difficulties. The behavioral measures examined showed effect sizes for hearing impairment that were 6–10 dB larger than the effects of age when tested in steady-state noise, whereas electrophysiological age effects were similar in magnitude to those of hearing impairment. Both age and hearing status influence neural responses to speech as well as speech understanding in background noise. These effects can in turn be modulated by other factors, such as the characteristics of the background noise itself. Finally, the use of electrophysiology to predict performance on receptive speech-in-noise tasks holds promise, demonstrating root-mean-square prediction errors as small as 1–2 dB. An important next step in this field of inquiry is to sample the aging and hearing impairment variables continuously (rather than categorically) – across the whole lifespan and audiogram – to improve effect estimates.
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Anderson S;Parbery-Clark A;Yi HG;Kraus N
通讯作者：
Kraus N
影响因子：
--
作者：
Glista D;Easwar V;Purcell DW;Scollie S
通讯作者：
Scollie S
DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.5297-12.2013
发表时间：
2013-03-27
期刊：
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience
影响因子：
--
作者：
Ding N;Simon JZ
通讯作者：
Simon JZ
DOI：
10.1007/s10162-005-5029-6
发表时间：
2005-09-01
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Bertoli, S;Smurzynski, J;Probst, R
通讯作者：
Probst, R
DOI：
10.1044/jshr.3803.706
发表时间：
1995-06-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF SPEECH AND HEARING RESEARCH
影响因子：
--
作者：
GORDONSALANT, S;FITZGIBBONS, PJ
通讯作者：
FITZGIBBONS, PJ