Utility of SPECT Functional Neuroimaging of Pain.
Utility of SPECT Functional Neuroimaging of Pain.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyt.2021.705242
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Lewis DH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bermo M;Saqr M;Hoffman H;Patterson D;Sharar S;Minoshima S;Lewis DH
功能性神经成像方式在空间和时间分辨率上不同。大多数功能性神经成像模式的一个主要限制是，只有发生在扫描仪内的神经激活才能被成像。这种限制使得功能性神经成像在许多临床场景中非常困难或不可能。单光子发射断层扫描（SPECT）脑功能成像中最常用的放射性药物是锝99 m标记的半胱氨酸乙酯二聚体（ECD）。ECD是具有独特药效学的亲脂性化合物。它穿过血脑屏障，并且在注射时具有与区域脑灌注成比例的神经元的高首过提取。注射后1分钟，它在脑中达到峰值活性，然后按照双指数模式从脑中缓慢清除。这允许注射后1或2小时的实际成像窗口。换句话说，它在注射时冻结了大脑灌注的快照，该快照被保留并可以稍后成像。这种独特的功能允许设计功能性脑成像研究，不需要患者在大脑激活时在扫描仪内。在严重烧伤伤口护理过程中的功能性脑成像是使用这种技术进行广泛研究的一个例子。SPECT不仅允许在临床环境中的极端疼痛条件下对脑活动进行成像，而且还允许对响应于镇痛操作（无论是药理学的还是非传统的，诸如使用虚拟现实镇痛）的脑活动调制进行成像。连同其在极端情况下的实用性，SPECTS也有助于研究典型疼痛条件下的大脑激活，如实验性控制疼痛和慢性疼痛综合征。
Functional neuroimaging modalities vary in spatial and temporal resolution. One major limitation of most functional neuroimaging modalities is that only neural activation taking place inside the scanner can be imaged. This limitation makes functional neuroimaging in many clinical scenarios extremely difficult or impossible. The most commonly used radiopharmaceutical in Single Photon Emission Tomography (SPECT) functional brain imaging is Technetium 99 m-labeled Ethyl Cysteinate Dimer (ECD). ECD is a lipophilic compound with unique pharmacodynamics. It crosses the blood brain barrier and has high first pass extraction by the neurons proportional to regional brain perfusion at the time of injection. It reaches peak activity in the brain 1 min after injection and is then slowly cleared from the brain following a biexponential mode. This allows for a practical imaging window of 1 or 2 h after injection. In other words, it freezes a snapshot of brain perfusion at the time of injection that is kept and can be imaged later. This unique feature allows for designing functional brain imaging studies that do not require the patient to be inside the scanner at the time of brain activation. Functional brain imaging during severe burn wound care is an example that has been extensively studied using this technique. Not only does SPECT allow for imaging of brain activity under extreme pain conditions in clinical settings, but it also allows for imaging of brain activity modulation in response to analgesic maneuvers whether pharmacologic or non-traditional such as using virtual reality analgesia. Together with its utility in extreme situations, SPECTS is also helpful in investigating brain activation under typical pain conditions such as experimental controlled pain and chronic pain syndromes.
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影响因子：
9.3
作者：
Guedj, Eric;Cammilleri, Serge;Mundler, Olivier
通讯作者：
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DOI：
10.1097/rmr.0000000000000248
发表时间：
2020-08-01
期刊：
Topics in magnetic resonance imaging : TMRI
影响因子：
--
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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DOI：
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发表时间：
2020-10-16
期刊：
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1430684100
发表时间：
2003-07-08
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
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通讯作者：
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