Cellular dynamics of tRNAs and their genes.

Cellular dynamics of tRNAs and their genes.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.febslet.2009.11.053
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发表时间:
2010-01-21
期刊:
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
Engelke DR
Engelke DR
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hopper AK;Pai DA;Engelke DR

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这次讨论的重点是tRNA的转录,加工和营业额的细胞动力学。早期的tRNA生物合成步骤在大多数tRNA中是共享的,而后期的步骤通常针对特定的tRNA进行个性化。tRNA转录和早期加工在核仁中协调发生,需要约300个tRNA基因和早期加工酶的拓扑排列到该位点;随后的加工事件发生在核质或细胞质中。tRNA核输出需要多个输出器,它们并行工作,并且输出过程与其他细胞事件相结合。细胞核-细胞质tRNA亚细胞运动不是单向的,因为逆行途径将成熟的细胞质tRNA递送到细胞核。尽管半衰期长,但在细胞应激时,有多种途径来周转受损的tRNA或正常的tRNA。
This discussion focuses on the cellular dynamics of tRNA transcription, processing, and turnover. Early tRNA biosynthesis steps are shared among most tRNAs, while later ones are often individualized for specific tRNAs. tRNA transcription and early processing occur coordinately in the nucleolus, requiring topological arrangement of ~300 tRNA genes and early processing enzymes to this site; later processing events occur in the nucleoplasm or cytoplasm. tRNA nuclear export requires multiple exporters which function in parallel and the export process is coupled with other cellular events. Nuclear-cytoplasmic tRNA subcellular movement is not unidirectional as a retrograde pathway delivers mature cytoplasmic tRNAs to the nucleus. Despite the long half-lives, there are multiple pathways to turnover damaged tRNAs or normal tRNAs upon cellular stress.
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