Genomic insights into the origin, domestication and diversification of Brassica juncea.

Genomic insights into the origin, domestication and diversification of Brassica juncea.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41588-021-00922-y
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发表时间:
2021-09
期刊:
影响因子:
30.8
通讯作者:
Liu Z
Liu Z
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kang L;Qian L;Zheng M;Chen L;Chen H;Yang L;You L;Yang B;Yan M;Gu Y;Wang T;Schiessl SV;An H;Blischak P;Liu X;Lu H;Zhang D;Rao Y;Jia D;Zhou D;Xiao H;Wang Y;Xiong X;Mason AS;Chris Pires J;Snowdon RJ;Hua W;Liu Z

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尽管在公元前 3000 年左右就已被早期驯化,但古代异源四倍体物种 Brassica juncea (L.) Czern & Coss 的进化历史仍然不确定。在这里,我们通过整合长读长和短读长测序、光学图谱和 Hi-C 技术,报告了黄种子芥菜基因组的染色体规模从头组装。全球 480 个种质的核和细胞器系统发育表明,通过自然种间杂交,芥菜很可能是 8,000-14,000 年前西亚的单一起源。随后,新的作物类型通过自发的基因突变和沿三个独立的向东扩张路线的渗入而进化。选择性扫描、全基因组性状关联和组织特异性 RNA 测序分析揭示了开花时间和种子重量的驯化历史,以及人类对这种多功能物种形态多样化的选择。我们的数据提供了对芥菜起源和驯化的全面了解,并为基于基因组学的芥菜育种奠定了基础。对黄籽芥菜基因组进行染色体规模的从头组装,并对来自 38 个国家的 480 个种质进行群体分析,为了解芥菜的起源、驯化历史和形态多样化提供了见解。
Despite early domestication around 3000 BC, the evolutionary history of the ancient allotetraploid species Brassica juncea (L.) Czern & Coss remains uncertain. Here, we report a chromosome-scale de novo assembly of a yellow-seeded B. juncea genome by integrating long-read and short-read sequencing, optical mapping and Hi-C technologies. Nuclear and organelle phylogenies of 480 accessions worldwide supported that B. juncea is most likely a single origin in West Asia, 8,000–14,000 years ago, via natural interspecific hybridization. Subsequently, new crop types evolved through spontaneous gene mutations and introgressions along three independent routes of eastward expansion. Selective sweeps, genome-wide trait associations and tissue-specific RNA-sequencing analysis shed light on the domestication history of flowering time and seed weight, and on human selection for morphological diversification in this versatile species. Our data provide a comprehensive insight into the origin and domestication and a foundation for genomics-based breeding of B. juncea. A chromosome-scale de novo assembly of a yellow-seeded Brassica juncea genome and population analyses of 480 accessions from 38 countries provide insights into the origin, domestication history and morphological diversification of B. juncea.
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