A threat in the classroom: Gender stereotype activation and mental-rotation performance in elementary-school children.

A threat in the classroom: Gender stereotype activation and mental-rotation performance in elementary-school children.
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课堂上的威胁:小学生的性别刻板印象激活和心理旋转表现。

DOI:
10.1027/2151-2604/a000097
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发表时间:
2012
期刊:
影响因子:
1.8
通讯作者:
C. Quaiser
C. Quaiser
中科院分区:
心理学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
S. Neuburger;P. Jansen;M. Heil;C. Quaiser

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当消极的性别刻板印象被激活时,女性在性别陈规定型领域的表现受到损害(Nguyen&Ryan,2008)。“刻板印象威胁”影响成人心理轮换表现的性别差异(例如,Moe&Pazzaglia,2006)。我们的研究调查了四年级学生的这种影响。216名男性和女性完成了两项心理旋转测试。其间,给出了性别差异指导(“男孩更好”、“女孩更好”、“没有性别差异”)。在“女孩更好”和“没有性别差异”的情况下,时间和性别的显著交互作用被发现:正如预期的那样,在这两个指示之后,男性的成绩优势消失了,因为女孩进步了,男孩变差了。因此,本研究认为心理旋转中的性别效应从一开始就受到刻板印象威胁和刻板印象解除的影响。结果在生物-心理-社会框架内进行了讨论,并似乎在区域评估中发挥了重要作用。
Females’ performance in a gender-stereotyped domain is impaired when negative gender stereotypes are activated (Nguyen & Ryan, 2008). “Stereotype threat” affects the gender difference in adults’ mental-rotation performance (e.g., Moe & Pazzaglia, 2006). Our study investigated this effect in fourth graders. Two hundred sixteen males and females solved two mental-rotation tests. In between, a gender-difference instruction was given (“boys better,” “girls better,” “no gender difference”). A significant interaction of time and gender was found in the “girls better”-condition and in the “no gender difference”-condition: As expected, the male performance advantage disappeared after these two instructions, because girls improved and boys deteriorated. Thus, the study suggests that the gender effect in mental rotation is affected by stereotype threat and stereotype lift from the very beginning of its occurrence. Results are discussed within a biopsychosocial framework and seem to play an important role with regar...
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