The mammalian efferent vestibular system utilizes cholinergic mechanisms to excite primary vestibular afferents.
The mammalian efferent vestibular system utilizes cholinergic mechanisms to excite primary vestibular afferents.
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哺乳动物的前庭传出系统利用胆碱能机制来兴奋初级前庭传入纤维。
DOI：
10.1038/s41598-020-80367-1
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发表时间：
2021-01-13
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Holt JC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schneider GT;Lee C;Sinha AK;Jordan PM;Holt JC
对哺乳动物前庭传出系统（EVS）的电刺激主要在两个不同的时间尺度上兴奋初级前庭传入神经。尽管乙酰胆碱（ACh）在其他脊椎动物中的作用已得到证实，但哺乳动物EVS作用的突触机制尚未得到充分阐明。为了确定ACh受体的激活是否能解释哺乳动物中传出介导的传入兴奋，我们在麻醉的C57BL/6小鼠的前庭上神经记录传入神经活动，同时刺激脑干中的EVS神经元，在给予胆碱能拮抗剂前后进行记录。利用归一化变异系数（CV*），我们将前庭传入神经大致分为规则放电（CV*＜0.1）和不规则放电（CV*＞0.1）两类，并描述它们对中线或同侧EVS刺激的反应。对传出刺激的传入反应主要是兴奋性的，其幅度随CV*增加而增大，并且由快成分和慢成分组成，可通过上升时间和刺激后持续时间的差异来区分。在同侧EVS刺激下，不规则传入神经中两种传出介导的兴奋性成分都更大。我们的药理学数据首次在哺乳动物中表明，毒蕈碱型AChR拮抗剂阻断传出介导的慢兴奋，而烟碱型AChR拮抗剂DHβE选择性地阻断传出介导的快兴奋，同时不影响传出介导的慢成分。这些数据证实哺乳动物EVS的作用主要是胆碱能的。
Electrical stimulation of the mammalian efferent vestibular system (EVS) predominantly excites primary vestibular afferents along two distinct time scales. Although roles for acetylcholine (ACh) have been demonstrated in other vertebrates, synaptic mechanisms underlying mammalian EVS actions are not well-characterized. To determine if activation of ACh receptors account for efferent-mediated afferent excitation in mammals, we recorded afferent activity from the superior vestibular nerve of anesthetized C57BL/6 mice while stimulating EVS neurons in the brainstem, before and after administration of cholinergic antagonists. Using a normalized coefficient of variation (CV*), we broadly classified vestibular afferents as regularly- (CV* < 0.1) or irregularly-discharging (CV* > 0.1) and characterized their responses to midline or ipsilateral EVS stimulation. Afferent responses to efferent stimulation were predominantly excitatory, grew in amplitude with increasing CV*, and consisted of fast and slow components that could be identified by differences in rise time and post-stimulus duration. Both efferent-mediated excitatory components were larger in irregular afferents with ipsilateral EVS stimulation. Our pharmacological data show, for the first time in mammals, that muscarinic AChR antagonists block efferent-mediated slow excitation whereas the nicotinic AChR antagonist DHβE selectively blocks efferent-mediated fast excitation, while leaving the efferent-mediated slow component intact. These data confirm that mammalian EVS actions are predominantly cholinergic.
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DOI：
10.1007/s101620020044
发表时间：
2002-09-01
期刊：
JARO
影响因子：
--
作者：
Boyev, KP;Liberman, MC;Brown, MC
通讯作者：
Brown, MC
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Hubner, Patrick P.;Khan, Serajul I.;Migliaccio, Americo A.
通讯作者：
Migliaccio, Americo A.
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
BAIRD, RA;DESMADRYL, G;GOLDBERG, JM
通讯作者：
GOLDBERG, JM
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Boyle, Richard;Rabbitt, Richard D.;Highstein, Stephen M.
通讯作者：
Highstein, Stephen M.
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Holt, Joseph C.;Lysakowski, Anna;Goldberg, Jay M.
通讯作者：
Goldberg, Jay M.