Expression of Envelope Protein Encoded by Endogenous Retrovirus K102 in Rheumatoid Arthritis Neutrophils.

Expression of Envelope Protein Encoded by Endogenous Retrovirus K102 in Rheumatoid Arthritis Neutrophils.
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DOI:
10.3390/microorganisms11051310
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发表时间:
2023-05-17
期刊:
影响因子:
4.5
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
生物学3区
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许多患有自身免疫性疾病的患者具有针对基因组逆转录因子编码的蛋白质的自身抗体,这表明正常的表观遗传沉默不足以阻止编码蛋白质的产生,而免疫耐受性似乎有限。其中一种蛋白质是由人内源性逆转录病毒K (HERV-K)编码的跨膜包膜(Env)蛋白。我们最近报道了类风湿性关节炎(RA)患者具有识别Env的IgG自身抗体。在这里,我们使用RA中性粒细胞的RNA测序来分析HERV-K的表达,发现只有两个具有完整的Env开放阅读框的位点,HERV-K102和K108表达,但只有前者在RA中增加。相反,其他免疫细胞表达K108多于K102。患者自身抗体识别内源性表达Env在乳腺癌细胞和类风湿性关节炎中性粒细胞,但没有健康对照。单克隆抗Env抗体也在RA中性粒细胞表面检测到Env,但在其他免疫细胞表面很少检测到Env。我们认为HERV-K102是在RA中性粒细胞表面产生Env的基因座。在一些患者中,低水平的HERV-K108转录本可能仅对中性粒细胞或其他免疫细胞的细胞表面Env有轻微的贡献。
Many patients suffering from autoimmune diseases have autoantibodies against proteins encoded by genomic retroelements, suggesting that normal epigenetic silencing is insufficient to prevent the production of the encoded proteins for which immune tolerance appears to be limited. One such protein is the transmembrane envelope (Env) protein encoded by human endogenous retrovirus K (HERV-K). We reported recently that patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have IgG autoantibodies that recognize Env. Here, we use RNA sequencing of RA neutrophils to analyze HERV-K expression and find that only two loci with an intact open-reading frame for Env, HERV-K102, and K108 are expressed, but only the former is increased in RA. In contrast, other immune cells express more K108 than K102. Patient autoantibodies recognized endogenously expressed Env in breast cancer cells and in RA neutrophils but not healthy controls. A monoclonal anti-Env antibody also detected Env on the surface of RA neutrophils but very little on the surface of other immune cells. We conclude that HERV-K102 is the locus that produces Env detectable on the surface of neutrophils in RA. The low levels of HERV-K108 transcripts may contribute only marginally to cell surface Env on neutrophils or other immune cells in some patients.
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