Functionally distinct PI 3-kinase pathways regulate myelination in the peripheral nervous system.

Functionally distinct PI 3-kinase pathways regulate myelination in the peripheral nervous system.
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DOI:
10.1083/jcb.201307057
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发表时间:
2014-03-31
期刊:
The Journal of cell biology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Salzer JL
Salzer JL
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Heller BA;Ghidinelli M;Voelkl J;Einheber S;Smith R;Grund E;Morahan G;Chandler D;Kalaydjieva L;Giancotti F;King RH;Fejes-Toth AN;Fejes-Toth G;Feltri ML;Lang F;Salzer JL

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功能和空间上不同的PI 3-K途径早期起作用以促进轴突神经调节蛋白1下游的髓鞘形成,或晚期起作用以抑制α6β4整联蛋白和Sgk 1下游的髓鞘形成。PI 3-激酶(PI 3-K)信号通路是雪旺细胞髓鞘形成所必需的.在这里,我们的特点是PI 3-K效应器在髓鞘形成过程中激活,通过探测髓鞘形成文化和发展神经与抗体,识别磷酸化底物的这一途径。我们确定了一个离散的磷酸化蛋白,包括S6核糖体蛋白(S6 rp),这是在髓鞘形成的开始下调,和N-myc下游调节基因-1(NDRG 1),这是上调与髓鞘形成显着。我们发现,轴突上的III型Neuregulin 1是S6 rp的主要激活因子,S6 rp是mTORC 1的效应子。相反,细胞外基质(ECM)中的层粘连蛋白-2通过α6β4整联蛋白和Sgk 1(血清和糖皮质激素诱导的激酶1)发出信号,驱动轴突下区室Cajal带中NDRG 1的磷酸化。出乎意料的是,α6β4整合素信号传导或Sgk 1缺陷的小鼠在发育期间表现出髓鞘形成过多。这些结果确定了功能和空间上不同的PI 3-K途径:轴突Neuregulin 1驱动的早期前髓鞘形成途径和负调节髓鞘形成的晚期作用的层粘连蛋白-整合素依赖性途径。
Functionally and spatially distinct PI 3-K pathways act either early to promote myelination downstream of axonal Neuregulin1 or late to inhibit myelination downstream of α6β4 integrin and Sgk1. The PI 3-kinase (PI 3-K) signaling pathway is essential for Schwann cell myelination. Here we have characterized PI 3-K effectors activated during myelination by probing myelinating cultures and developing nerves with an antibody that recognizes phosphorylated substrates for this pathway. We identified a discrete number of phospho-proteins including the S6 ribosomal protein (S6rp), which is down-regulated at the onset of myelination, and N-myc downstream-regulated gene-1 (NDRG1), which is up-regulated strikingly with myelination. We show that type III Neuregulin1 on the axon is the primary activator of S6rp, an effector of mTORC1. In contrast, laminin-2 in the extracellular matrix (ECM), signaling through the α6β4 integrin and Sgk1 (serum and glucocorticoid-induced kinase 1), drives phosphorylation of NDRG1 in the Cajal bands of the abaxonal compartment. Unexpectedly, mice deficient in α6β4 integrin signaling or Sgk1 exhibit hypermyelination during development. These results identify functionally and spatially distinct PI 3-K pathways: an early, pro-myelinating pathway driven by axonal Neuregulin1 and a later-acting, laminin–integrin-dependent pathway that negatively regulates myelination.
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