Memory trace in feeding neural circuitry underlying conditioned taste aversion in Lymnaea.
Memory trace in feeding neural circuitry underlying conditioned taste aversion in Lymnaea.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0043151
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Kobayashi S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ito E;Otsuka E;Hama N;Aonuma H;Okada R;Hatakeyama D;Fujito Y;Kobayashi S
池塘蜗牛 Lymnaea stagnalis 可以维持条件性味觉厌恶（CTA）作为长期记忆。先前的研究表明，在经过味觉厌恶训练的蜗牛中，通过激活大脑巨细胞（CGC）在神经元1内侧（N1M）细胞中诱发的抑制性突触后电位（IPSP）比对照蜗牛更大且持续时间更长。 N1M细胞是摄食中枢模式发生器（CPG）的中间神经元之一，而CGC是摄食CPG的关键调节神经元。先前的研究表明，CGC 和 N1M 细胞之间的神经回路由两个突触连接组成：（1）从 CGC 到神经元 3 强直（N3t）细胞的兴奋性连接和（2）从 N3t 细胞到 N1M 细胞的抑制性连接。然而，由于 N3t 细胞太小，无法通过电生理学方法一致地访问，因此在本研究中，从 CGC 到 N3t 细胞以及从 N3t 细胞到 N1M 细胞的突触输入被监测为分别在大 B1 和 B3 运动神经元中记录的单突触兴奋性突触后电位 (EPSP)。从味觉厌恶训练的蜗牛中分离出的大脑中 B1 运动神经元的诱发单突触 EPSP 与对照蜗牛中的相同，而 B3 运动神经元的自发单突触 EPSP 显着增大。这些结果表明，在味觉厌恶训练之后，从 N3t 细胞到后续神经元（包括 N1M 细胞）的单突触输入得到了特别促进。也就是说，味觉厌恶的记忆痕迹之一仍然是 N3t 细胞释放的神经递质增加。因此，我们得出结论，N3t 细胞响应 Lymnaea CTA 中的条件刺激，抑制进食 CPG 中的 N1M 细胞。
The pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis can maintain a conditioned taste aversion (CTA) as a long-term memory. Previous studies have shown that the inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP) evoked in the neuron 1 medial (N1M) cell by activation of the cerebral giant cell (CGC) in taste aversion-trained snails was larger and lasted longer than that in control snails. The N1M cell is one of the interneurons in the feeding central pattern generator (CPG), and the CGC is a key regulatory neuron for the feeding CPG. Previous studies have suggested that the neural circuit between the CGC and the N1M cell consists of two synaptic connections: (1) the excitatory connection from the CGC to the neuron 3 tonic (N3t) cell and (2) the inhibitory connection from the N3t cell to the N1M cell. However, because the N3t cell is too small to access consistently by electrophysiological methods, in the present study the synaptic inputs from the CGC to the N3t cell and those from the N3t cell to the N1M cell were monitored as the monosynaptic excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) recorded in the large B1 and B3 motor neurons, respectively. The evoked monosynaptic EPSPs of the B1 motor neurons in the brains isolated from the taste aversion-trained snails were identical to those in the control snails, whereas the spontaneous monosynaptic EPSPs of the B3 motor neurons were significantly enlarged. These results suggest that, after taste aversion training, the monosynaptic inputs from the N3t cell to the following neurons including the N1M cell are specifically facilitated. That is, one of the memory traces for taste aversion remains as an increase in neurotransmitter released from the N3t cell. We thus conclude that the N3t cell suppresses the N1M cell in the feeding CPG, in response to the conditioned stimulus in Lymnaea CTA.
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