The economic impact of malignant catarrhal fever on pastoralist livelihoods.
The economic impact of malignant catarrhal fever on pastoralist livelihoods.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0116059
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Yoder J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lankester F;Lugelo A;Kazwala R;Keyyu J;Cleaveland S;Yoder J
这项研究是第一个部分量化的潜在经济效益，疫苗，有效地保护牛免受恶性卡他热（MCF），可以增加牧民生活在东非。这些好处将来自消除传统上为避免疾病而产生的家庭资源和管理费用。MCF是一种由牛羚小牛传播的病毒引起的牛的致命疾病，几代人以来一直困扰着东非的马赛社区。这种疾病的威胁迫使马赛人将牛转移到生产力较低的放牧区，以避免在产犊季节出现牛羚，因为此时饲料质量至关重要。为了评估与搬家相关的管理和资源成本，我们使用了家庭调查数据。为了估计与牲畜身体状况变化相关的成本，这些变化是由于被赶离牛羚产犊地，我们利用了正在进行的MCF疫苗田间试验，我们使用了享乐价格回归，这是一种统计模型，可以估计商品属性对其市场价格的边际贡献。我们发现，90%的家庭平均将82%的牛从家里搬走，以避免MCF。这样一来，牛群对家庭的生产贡献就减少了，64%的牛奶无法销售或供留在博马的家庭成员（儿童、妇女和老人）消费。与此相反，在产犊季节留在角马产犊场的牛（并在MCF中幸存下来）仍然对家庭具有充分的生产力，并与离开的牛相比获得了身体状况。然而，这一成果是短暂的。我们使用享乐回归估计了这些条件收益和损失的市场价值。MCF疫苗的价值在于消除了避免该疾病所产生的成本。
This study is the first to partially quantify the potential economic benefits that a vaccine, effective at protecting cattle against malignant catarrhal fever (MCF), could accrue to pastoralists living in East Africa. The benefits would result from the removal of household resource and management costs that are traditionally incurred avoiding the disease. MCF, a fatal disease of cattle caused by a virus transmitted from wildebeest calves, has plagued Maasai communities in East Africa for generations. The threat of the disease forces the Maasai to move cattle to less productive grazing areas to avoid wildebeest during calving season when forage quality is critical. To assess the management and resource costs associated with moving, we used household survey data. To estimate the costs associated with changes in livestock body condition that result from being herded away from wildebeest calving grounds, we exploited an ongoing MCF vaccine field trial and we used a hedonic price regression, a statistical model that allows estimation of the marginal contribution of a good’s attributes to its market price. We found that 90 percent of households move, on average, 82 percent of all cattle away from home to avoid MCF. In doing so, a herd’s productive contributions to the household was reduced, with 64 percent of milk being unavailable for sale or consumption by the family members remaining at the boma (the children, women, and the elderly). In contrast cattle that remained on the wildebeest calving grounds during the calving season (and survived MCF) remained fully productive to the family and gained body condition compared to cattle that moved away. This gain was, however, short-lived. We estimated the market value of these condition gains and losses using hedonic regression. The value of a vaccine for MCF is the removal of the costs incurred in avoiding the disease.
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