The marine viromes of four oceanic regions.
The marine viromes of four oceanic regions.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pbio.0040368
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发表时间：
2006-11
期刊：
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Rohwer F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Angly FE;Felts B;Breitbart M;Salamon P;Edwards RA;Carlson C;Chan AM;Haynes M;Kelley S;Liu H;Mahaffy JM;Mueller JE;Nulton J;Olson R;Parsons R;Rayhawk S;Suttle CA;Rohwer F
病毒是海洋环境中最常见的生物实体。目前还没有对这些病毒进行全球调查，因此不知道地球海洋中有哪些类型的病毒或它们是如何分布的。对来自四个主要海洋区域的68个地点的184个病毒组合进行宏基因组分析表明，大多数病毒序列与当前数据库中的病毒序列不相似。病毒组合具有明显的“海洋性”特征。全球多样性非常高，估计有几十万种，区域丰富度在南北纬度梯度上存在差异。海洋地区有不同的病毒组合。藻噬体和新发现的单链DNA噬菌体分支在马尾藻海样本中占主导地位，而类似噬菌体的序列在北极地区最常见。然而，大多数病毒种类被发现是广泛传播的。由于海洋区域之间存在大多数共享物种，病毒组合之间的大多数差异似乎可以通过最常见病毒物种发生的变化来解释，而不是通过排除不同的病毒基因组来解释。这些结果支持了病毒广泛传播的观点，并且通过选择压力，当地环境条件丰富了某些病毒类型。广泛的宏基因组调查的病毒多样性在海洋环境提出。许多噬菌体分布广泛，尽管位置特异性选择导致一些病毒富集。
Viruses are the most common biological entities in the marine environment. There has not been a global survey of these viruses, and consequently, it is not known what types of viruses are in Earth's oceans or how they are distributed. Metagenomic analyses of 184 viral assemblages collected over a decade and representing 68 sites in four major oceanic regions showed that most of the viral sequences were not similar to those in the current databases. There was a distinct “marine-ness” quality to the viral assemblages. Global diversity was very high, presumably several hundred thousand of species, and regional richness varied on a North-South latitudinal gradient. The marine regions had different assemblages of viruses. Cyanophages and a newly discovered clade of single-stranded DNA phages dominated the Sargasso Sea sample, whereas prophage-like sequences were most common in the Arctic. However most viral species were found to be widespread. With a majority of shared species between oceanic regions, most of the differences between viral assemblages seemed to be explained by variation in the occurrence of the most common viral species and not by exclusion of different viral genomes. These results support the idea that viruses are widely dispersed and that local environmental conditions enrich for certain viral types through selective pressure. An extensive metagenomic survey of viral diversity in the marine environment is presented. Many phages are widely distributed, although location-specific selection results in enrichment of some viruses.
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影响因子：
2.9
作者：
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通讯作者：
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