Does the Pulsatile Non-uniform Flow Matter in MR Flowmetry?

Does the Pulsatile Non-uniform Flow Matter in MR Flowmetry?
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MR流量指定中的脉动不均匀流动是否重要?

DOI:
10.2463/mrms.rev.2021-0099
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发表时间:
2022-03-01
影响因子:
3
通讯作者:
Naganawa, Shinji
Naganawa, Shinji
中科院分区:
医学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sugiyama, Masataka;Takehara, Yasuo;Naganawa, Shinji

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3D电影相位对比(4D血流)MRI是一种具有很大潜力的序列,可在各种血管的任意血管节段进行无创时间分辨3D血流测定。然而,人们并不广泛知道,具有4D流动MRI的流量测量容易受到脉动和非均匀流动的影响。由于有限的空间和时间分辨率,在流量测定期间发生3D体素内的平均。一个简单的解决方案是避免将测量平面设置在非均匀流动占主导地位的区域中,这可以借助于计算流体动力学(CFD)或4D流动MRI数据生成的流线修正。与4D流动MRI不同,CFD模拟中的流量测量可以根据计算机性能使用更高的空间和时间分辨率;因此,它对波动的非均匀流动具有鲁棒性。然而,由于时间分辨率较低的入口条件,CFD模拟的性能可能受到限制。难以应用复杂的血流,例如来自外周的反射流,也可能限制准确的模拟。在将CFD模拟结果与4D流场测量结果进行比较时应谨慎。
3D cine phase-contrast (4D flow) MRI is a sequence with great potential for non-invasive time-resolved 3D flowmetry at arbitrary vessel sections in various blood vessels. However, it is not widely known that the flowmetry with 4D flow MRI is vulnerable to pulsatile and non-uniform flow. Due to the limited spatial and temporal resolutions, averaging within the 3D voxel is occurring during the flowmetry. A simple solution is to avoid setting the measurement plane in the area where non-uniform flow is dominant, which is possible with an aid of streamline depictions generated by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) or 4D flow MRI data. Unlike 4D flow MRI, flowmetry in CFD simulation can use higher spatial and temporal resolution depending on computer performance; therefore, it is robust to fluctuating non-uniform flow. However, the performance of CFD simulations might be limited due to inlet conditions with low temporal resolution. Difficulty applying complex blood flow such as reflection flow from periphery may also limit accurate simulation. Caution should be taken when comparing the result of CFD simulation to that of 4D flow measurement.
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