Larval source reduction with a purpose: Designing and evaluating a household- and school-based intervention in coastal Kenya.
Larval source reduction with a purpose: Designing and evaluating a household- and school-based intervention in coastal Kenya.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pntd.0010199
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发表时间：
2022-04
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
LaBeaud, A. Desiree
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Forsyth, Jenna E.;Kempinsky, Arielle;Pitchik, Helen O.;Alberts, Catharina J.;Mutuku, Francis M.;Kibe, Lydiah;Ardoin, Nicole M.;LaBeaud, A. Desiree
由于埃及伊蚊优先在家用容器中繁殖，控制工作的重点是减少幼虫来源。我们的目标是设计和测试减少污染源干预措施的有效性，以提高肯尼亚沿海地区护理人员的知识和行为。我们对5个对照村的261户和5个干预村的259户进行了整群随机对照试验。每个家庭有一名儿童（10-16岁）及其主要照顾者参加干预。我们评估了基线时以及干预后3个月和12个月的护理人员知识和行为。我们在基线和干预后12个月评估了家庭昆虫学指标，以避免季节性干扰。我们对34名护理人员进行了定性采访，以了解改变的障碍和促进因素。我们在社区容器清理和回收活动中对儿童和家长收集的容器进行了计数和称重。12个月后，与对照组相比，干预组的护理人员对至少一种源减少技术的知识和自我报告的行为高出50个百分点以上（知识的校正风险差异：0.69，95%CI [0.56至0.82]，行为：0.58 [0.43至0.73]）。答复者指出，其他家庭成员的行为是妨碍妥善管理集装箱的主要障碍。尽管作为社区活动的一部分，儿童和家长收集了17 200个容器（1吨塑料），用于种植4 000棵本地树木，但家庭中容器的数量在各部门之间没有显著差异。我们的研究表明，减少污染源的干预措施是有效的，如果设计与社会和昆虫学背景的理解。此外，减少污染源不是一个个人问题，而是一个社会/社区问题，需要其他家庭和社区成员持续参与。埃及伊蚊传播的虫媒病毒的疾病负担在全球仍然很高。由于这些蚊子是白天叮咬者，蚊帐不能有效防止蚊子叮咬。此外，由于Ae。埃及人喜欢在家庭容器中繁殖，控制工作的重点是减少蚊子繁殖的容器（减少来源）。我们开发并评估了一种以家庭和学校为基础的干预措施，以提高与减少污染源相关的知识和行为。我们评估了护理人员在干预前、干预后3个月和12个月的知识和行为。随后，我们对一部分参与者进行了定性访谈，以了解他们为什么改变或不改变自己的行为。我们还评估了与蚊子相关的指标：干预前和干预后12个月的繁殖容器数量和未成熟蚊子丰度。我们发现，那些接受干预的人比那些没有接受干预的人有更多的知识和自我报告的行为改变。尽管如此，干预措施对蚊子和容器数量没有影响。在多人家庭中，所有家庭成员都需要致力于改变，而不仅仅是照顾者和孩子。我们的研究强调了蚊子控制不是一个单独的问题，而是一个需要足够多的家庭和社区成员参与才能确保有效性的问题。
Since Aedes aegypti mosquitoes preferentially breed in domestic containers, control efforts focus on larval source reduction. Our objectives were to design and test the effectiveness of a source reduction intervention to improve caregiver knowledge and behaviors in coastal Kenya. We conducted a cluster-randomized controlled trial with 261 households from 5 control villages and 259 households from 5 intervention villages. From each household, one child (10–16 years old) and his or her primary caregiver participated in the intervention. We assessed caregiver knowledge and behavior at baseline, as well as 3 and 12 months after the intervention. We assessed household entomological indices at baseline and 12 months after the intervention to avoid seasonal interference. We conducted qualitative interviews with 34 caregivers to understand barriers and facilitators to change. We counted and weighed containers collected by children and parents during a community container clean-up and recycling event. After 12 months, caregiver knowledge about and self-reported behavior related to at least one source reduction technique was more than 50 percentage points higher in the intervention compared to control arm (adjusted risk differences for knowledge: 0.69, 95% CI [0.56 to 0.82], and behavior: 0.58 [0.43 to 0.73]). Respondents stated that other family members’ actions were the primary barriers to proper container management. The number of containers at households did not differ significantly across arms even though children and parents collected 17,200 containers (1 ton of plastics) which were used to planted 4,000 native trees as part of the community event. Our study demonstrates that source reduction interventions can be effective if designed with an understanding of the social and entomological context. Further, source reduction is not an individual issue, but rather a social/communal issue, requiring the participation of other household and community members to be sustained. The disease burden of arboviruses transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes remains high globally. Since these mosquitoes are day-biters, bed nets are not effective at preventing mosquito bites. Additionally, because Ae. aegypti preferentially breed in domestic containers, control efforts focus on reducing containers for mosquito breeding (source reduction). We developed and evaluated a household- and school-based intervention to improve knowledge and behaviors related to source reduction. We assessed caregiver knowledge and behavior before the intervention and after 3 and 12 months. Subsequently, we conducted qualitative interviews among a sub-set of participants to understand why they did or did not change their behavior. We also assessed mosquito-related indices: the number of breeding containers and immature mosquito abundance before and 12 months after the intervention. We found that those receiving the intervention had more knowledge and self-reported behavior change than those who did not. Nonetheless, the intervention had no effect on mosquito nor containers abundance. In a multi-person household, all household members need to be committed to change, not just the caregiver and child. Our study highlights how mosquito control is not an individual issue, but one that needs the participation of a sufficient majority of household and community members to ensure effectiveness.
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影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Gadhoke, Preety;Christiansen, Karina;Gittelsohn, Joel
通讯作者：
Gittelsohn, Joel
DOI：
10.1080/10962247.2015.1070773
发表时间：
2015-09-01
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Akpinar-Elci, Muge;Coomansingh, Kareem;Mark, Larissa
通讯作者：
Mark, Larissa
影响因子：
3
作者：
Hightower, Allen;Kiptui, Rebecca;Akhwale, Willis
通讯作者：
Akhwale, Willis
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Crawley, AM;Anderson, DR;Santomero, A
通讯作者：
Santomero, A
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Ngugi HN;Mutuku FM;Ndenga BA;Musunzaji PS;Mbakaya JO;Aswani P;Irungu LW;Mukoko D;Vulule J;Kitron U;LaBeaud AD
通讯作者：
LaBeaud AD