The natural history of ADP-ribosyltransferases and the ADP-ribosylation system.
The natural history of ADP-ribosyltransferases and the ADP-ribosylation system.
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ADP-核糖基转移酶和 ADP-核糖基化系统的自然历史。
DOI：
10.1007/82_2014_414
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Iyer LM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aravind L;Zhang D;de Souza RF;Anand S;Iyer LM
蛋白质，核酸或小分子的NAD+依赖性ADP-核糖化的催化在至少三个结构上无关的酶超级家族中进化了是在结构上保留的最多样化的，它们正在修改的主要多样化。这些包括毒素 - 抗毒素系统，病毒 - 宿主相互作用，肌内内拮抗作用（多态性毒素），符号/寄生虫效应/毒素，对抗生素的耐药性以及在冲突中裂解的RNA的修复。从PARP家族开始的整个真核进化，它们被纳入真核调节/表观遗传控制系统（例如PARP家族和Neurl4），并用作防御性（例如Pierisin和Carp-1家族）或免疫相关蛋白（例如，GIG2类似ADP） - 深糖基化系统还包括其他域，例如宏，ADP-核糖基胶合酶，NADAR和ADP-核糖基环化酶在与艺术相关的系统中最初具有多元化，而Sirtuins的外观在与冲突相关的系统中的存在较小。
Catalysis of NAD+-dependent ADP-ribosylation of proteins, nucleic acids, or small molecules has evolved in at least three structurally unrelated superfamilies of enzymes, namely ADP-ribosyltransferase (ART), the Sirtuins, and probably TM1506. Of these, the ART superfamily is the most diverse in terms of structure, active site residues, and targets that they modify. The primary diversification of the ART superfamily occurred in the context of diverse bacterial conflict systems, wherein ARTs play both offensive and defensive roles. These include toxin–antitoxin systems, virus-host interactions, intraspecific antagonism (polymorphic toxins), symbiont/parasite effectors/toxins, resistance to antibiotics, and repair of RNAs cleaved in conflicts. ARTs evolving in these systems have been repeatedly acquired by lateral transfer throughout eukaryotic evolution, starting from the PARP family, which was acquired prior to the last eukaryotic common ancestor. They were incorporated into eukaryotic regulatory/epigenetic control systems (e.g., PARP family and NEURL4), and also used as defensive (e.g., pierisin and CARP-1 families) or immunity-related proteins (e.g., Gig2-like ARTs). The ADP-ribosylation system also includes other domains, such as the Macro, ADP-ribosyl glycohydrolase, NADAR, and ADP-ribosyl cyclase, which appear to have initially diversified in bacterial conflict-related systems. Unlike ARTs, sirtuins appear to have a much smaller presence in conflict-related systems.
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影响因子：
7.3
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