Genetic Diversity Analysis Reveals Potential of the Green Peach Aphid (Myzus persicae) Resistance in Ethiopian Mustard.
Genetic Diversity Analysis Reveals Potential of the Green Peach Aphid (Myzus persicae) Resistance in Ethiopian Mustard.
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遗传多样性分析揭示了埃塞俄比亚芥菜对桃蚜（Myzus persicae）的抗性潜力
DOI：
10.3390/ijms232213736
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发表时间：
2022-11-08
影响因子：
5.6
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中科院分区：
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Brassica carinata （BBCC, 2n = 34）通常被称为埃塞俄比亚芥末，阿比西尼亚芥末或carinata。其优良的农艺性状，包括对生物和非生物胁迫的抗性，使其成为种间杂交的潜在遗传供体。桃蚜（Myzus persicae， GPA）是芸苔属作物最有害的害虫之一，严重影响其产量和品质。然而，在育种实践中利用的抗蚜油菜种质很少，而抗蚜的潜在生化基础仍然知之甚少。在本研究中，我们分析了75份石竹属植物材料的遗传多样性和一些可能有助于抵抗GPA的植物特性。初步形态分析显示，75份材料的表型性状具有丰富的多样性，树状图显示遗传变异范围在0.66 ~ 0.98之间。种群结构分析表明，这些种质可分为两个主要亚种群和一个混合种群，其中大部分（86.67%）聚在一个亚种群中。随后，获得了3个抗gpa的红肋白刺菌株BC13、BC47和BC51。电穿透图（EPG）测定了叶肉组织和木质部的抗性因子。结果表明，当韧皮部探测时间为20.51 ~ 32.51 min，第一次探测时间为26.36 ~ 55.54 s， g波时间为36.18 ~ 47.84 min时，青衣芥菜材料对赤霉病敏感。韧皮部探测时间为41.18 ~ 70.78 min，第一次探测时间为181.07 ~ 365.85 s， g波时间为18.03 ~ 26.37 min。此外，还比较了抗性和敏感材料的表皮特征、叶片解剖结构、硫代葡萄糖苷成分、防御相关酶活性和胼胝质沉积。抗gpa材料叶片纵向结构致密，叶片表面蜡质含量高，吲哚硫代葡萄糖苷含量高，多酚氧化酶（PPO）活性增加，胼胝质沉积速度快。本研究验证了内在的物理和化学屏障显然是抵抗GPA侵染的关键因素。本研究不仅为探究抗GPA的生化基础提供了新的见解，而且为今后芸苔属作物的精准遗传改良提供了重要的种质资源。
Brassica carinata (BBCC, 2n = 34) is commonly known as Ethiopian mustard, Abyssinian mustard, or carinata. Its excellent agronomic traits, including resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, make it a potential genetic donor for interspecific hybridization. Myzus persicae (green peach aphid, GPA) is one of the most harmful pests of Brassica crops, significantly effecting the yield and quality. However, few aphid-resistant Brassica crop germplasms have been utilized in breeding practices, while the underlying biochemical basis of aphid resistance still remains poorly understood. In this study, we examined the genetic diversity of 75 B. carinata accessions and some plant characteristics that potentially contribute to GPA resistance. Initially, the morphological characterization showed abundant diversity in the phenotypic traits, with the dendrogram indicating that the genetic variation of the 75 accessions ranged from 0.66 to 0.98. A population structure analysis revealed that these accessions could be grouped into two main subpopulations and one admixed group, with the majority of accessions (86.67%) clustering in one subpopulation. Subsequently, there were three GPA-resistant B. carinata accessions, BC13, BC47, and BC51. The electrical penetration graph (EPG) assay detected resistance factors in the leaf mesophyll tissue and xylem. The result demonstrated that the Ethiopian mustard accessions were susceptible when the phloem probing time, the first probe time, and the G-wave time were 20.51–32.51 min, 26.36–55.54 s, and 36.18–47.84 min, respectively. In contrast, resistance of the Ethiopian mustard accessions was observed with the phloem probing time, the first probe time, and G-wave time of 41.18–70.78 min, 181.07–365.85 s, and 18.03–26.37 min, respectively. In addition, the epidermal characters, leaf anatomical structure, glucosinolate composition, defense-related enzyme activities, and callose deposition were compared between the resistant and susceptible accessions. GPA-resistant accessions had denser longitudinal leaf structure, higher wax content on the leaf surface, higher indole glucosinolate level, increased polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity, and faster callose deposition than the susceptible accessions. This study validates that inherent physical and chemical barriers are evidently crucial factors in the resistance against GPA infestation. This study not only provide new insights into the biochemical basis of GPA resistance but also highlights the GPA-resistant B. carinata germplasm resources for the future accurate genetic improvement of Brassica crops.
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影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Bowen, Kate J.;Kris-Etherton, Penny M.;Jones, Peter J. H.
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
Vaughn, S. F.