Food reward sensitivity, impulsivity, and weight change during and after a 3-month weight loss program.
Food reward sensitivity, impulsivity, and weight change during and after a 3-month weight loss program.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0243530
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Wing RR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ross KM;Eastman A;Ugwoaba UA;Demos KE;Lillis J;Wing RR
在横断面研究中，对食物奖励的更高敏感性和更高水平的冲动(以及这些变量之间的相互作用，称为“强化病理学”)与肥胖有关。关于这些结构如何影响减肥或长期减肥的尝试，我们知之甚少。我们为75名成年人(女性69%，白人84%，年龄=50.8y，BMI=31.2 kg/m2)提供了为期3个月的基于互联网的减肥计划，并在基线和3、6、9和12个月评估了体重、食物奖励敏感性(通过食物力量量表[PFS])和冲动(通过GNG和延迟折扣[DD]计算机任务)。3-12个月没有提供额外的干预。多水平混合效应模型用于检查PFS、GNG、随着时间的推移和DD以及这些测量和体重减轻/恢复之间的关联。参与者在0-3个月减重了6.0±1.1公斤，在3-12个月恢复了2.4±1.1公斤。在不同的时间点上，PFS得分越高，体重越高，p=0.007；然而，GNG或DD与体重之间以及PFS和GNG或DD与体重、PS>；之间的交互作用都没有显著的关联。从0到3个月，PFS、GNG和DD、PS和0.05有显著的下降；然而，无论是基线值还是变化都与体重变化没有显著关联，PFS和GNG或DD的交互作用与体重变化、PS&>0.05没有显著关联。结果表明，食物奖励敏感度与体重之间存在关联。此外，在最初的减肥计划中，观察到食物奖励敏感度和冲动都有所降低，但基线水平和改善与体重变化都没有关联。综上所述，结果表明，食物奖赏敏感性、冲动和强化病理的结构在行为体重管理干预中的临床应用可能有限。未来的干预研究应该检查与食物相关的冲动任务是否会导致类似的结果模式。
Greater sensitivity to food rewards and higher levels of impulsivity (and an interaction between these variables, termed “reinforcement pathology”) have been associated with obesity in cross-sectional studies. Less is known regarding how these constructs may impact attempts at weight loss or longer-term weight loss maintenance. We provided 75 adults (69%Female, 84%White, age = 50.8y, BMI = 31.2kg/m2) with a 3-month Internet-based weight loss program and assessed weight, food reward sensitivity (via the Power of Food Scale [PFS]), and impulsivity (via Go No-Go [GNG] and Delay Discounting [DD] computer tasks) at baseline and at Months 3, 6, 9, and 12. No additional intervention was provided Months 3–12. Multi-level mixed-effect models were used to examine changes in PFS, GNG, and DD over time and associations between these measures and weight loss/regain. Participants lost 6.0±1.1kg Months 0–3 and regained 2.4±1.1kg Months 3–12. Across time points, higher PFS scores were associated with higher weight, p = .007; however, there were no significant associations between GNG or DD and weight nor between the interactions of PFS and GNG or DD and weight, ps>.05. There were significant decreases from Months 0–3 in PFS, GNG, and DD, ps < .05; however, neither baseline values nor changes were significantly associated with weight change and there were no significant associations between the interactions of PFS and GNG or DD and weight change, ps>.05. Results demonstrated an association between food reward sensitivity and weight. Further, decreases in both food reward sensitivity and impulsivity were observed during an initial weight loss program, but neither baseline levels nor improvements were associated with weight change. Taken together, results suggest that the constructs of food reward sensitivity, impulsivity, and reinforcement pathology may have limited clinical utility within behavioral weight management interventions. Future intervention studies should examine whether food-related impulsivity tasks lead to a similar pattern of results.
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