Human-specific genetics: new tools to explore the molecular and cellular basis of human evolution.

Human-specific genetics: new tools to explore the molecular and cellular basis of human evolution.
复制标题

人类特异性遗传学:探索人类进化的分子和细胞基础的新工具。

DOI:
10.1038/s41576-022-00568-4
复制
发表时间:
2023-10
期刊:
Nature reviews. Genetics
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:

文献摘要

参考文献

相似文献

我们的祖先获得了形态,认知和代谢的改变,使人类能够殖民不同的栖息地,开发非凡的技术和重塑生物圈。了解这些变化的遗传,发育和分子基础将为我们如何成为人类提供见解。将人类特异性遗传变化与物种差异联系起来一直具有挑战性,因为存在大量低效应大小的遗传变化,在细胞类型水平上对发育过程中表型差异的描述有限,并且缺乏实验模型。单细胞测序、遗传操作和干细胞培养的新兴方法现在支持在具有人类或猿遗传背景的特定细胞类型中进行描述性和功能性研究。在这篇综述中,我们描述了现代和古代人类、类人猿和其他灵长类动物的基因组测序如何揭示人类特有的遗传变化,以及新的分子和细胞方法(包括细胞图谱和类器官)如何能够探索人类特有特征的候选因果因素。在这篇综述中,作者讨论了我们对人类特有的进化遗传变化的最新理解,这些变化可能赋予人类独特的特征和能力。他们描述了新的细胞和分子方法如何帮助破译这些人类特异性变化的功能意义。
Our ancestors acquired morphological, cognitive and metabolic modifications that enabled humans to colonize diverse habitats, develop extraordinary technologies and reshape the biosphere. Understanding the genetic, developmental and molecular bases for these changes will provide insights into how we became human. Connecting human-specific genetic changes to species differences has been challenging owing to an abundance of low-effect size genetic changes, limited descriptions of phenotypic differences across development at the level of cell types and lack of experimental models. Emerging approaches for single-cell sequencing, genetic manipulation and stem cell culture now support descriptive and functional studies in defined cell types with a human or ape genetic background. In this Review, we describe how the sequencing of genomes from modern and archaic hominins, great apes and other primates is revealing human-specific genetic changes and how new molecular and cellular approaches — including cell atlases and organoids — are enabling exploration of the candidate causal factors that underlie human-specific traits. In this Review, the authors discuss our latest understanding of evolutionary genetic changes that are specific to humans, which might endow uniquely human traits and capabilities. They describe how new cellular and molecular approaches are helping to decipher the functional implications of these human-specific changes.
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.11.017
发表时间: 2020-12-23
期刊: Cell
影响因子: 64.5
作者:
Andersen J;Revah O;Miura Y;Thom N;Amin ND;Kelley KW;Singh M;Chen X;Thete MV;Walczak EM;Vogel H;Fan HC;Paşca SP
通讯作者: Paşca SP
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2021722118
发表时间: 2021-04-20
影响因子: 11.1
作者:
Aldea D;Atsuta Y;Kokalari B;Schaffner SF;Prasasya RD;Aharoni A;Dingwall HL;Warder B;Kamberov YG
通讯作者: Kamberov YG
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03416-3
发表时间: 2021-03-17
期刊: NATURE
影响因子: 64.8
作者:
Aguilera-Castrejon, Alejandro;Oldak, Bernardo;Hanna, Jacob H.
通讯作者: Hanna, Jacob H.
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.02.031
发表时间: 2018-03-22
期刊: Cell
影响因子: 64.5
作者:
Browning SR;Browning BL;Zhou Y;Tucci S;Akey JM
通讯作者: Akey JM
DOI: 10.1038/s41576-020-00305-9
发表时间: 2021-05
期刊: Nature reviews. Genetics
影响因子: --
作者:
Benton ML;Abraham A;LaBella AL;Abbot P;Rokas A;Capra JA
通讯作者: Capra JA