Immunosenescence in monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells: lessons learned from the lung and heart.
Immunosenescence in monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells: lessons learned from the lung and heart.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.imlet.2014.06.017
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发表时间：
2014-11
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Thoman, Marilyn L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Linton, Phyllis-Jean;Thoman, Marilyn L.
在没有免疫挑战的情况下，健康的老年人具有显着更高的基础炎症状态，其中循环细胞因子（包括IL-6、TNF-α和IL-1β）水平升高。这种进行性促炎状态，称为“炎性老化”，影响老年人中存在的细胞的表型/功能，并使老年人在全身性损伤后更容易预后不良。虽然了解疾病进展的机制很重要，但大多数疾病治疗的临床前分析都是在具有完整功能性免疫系统的年轻成年小鼠中进行的。通常，这并不一定代表老年人的免疫倾向，更不用说患病的老年人了。在此，两个不同的反应，不仅通常与老化，但也有树突状细胞和/或单核细胞和巨噬细胞作为关键球员进行了讨论：肺部感染和心肌梗死。虽然老年人肺部感染的研究已经取得了显著进展，单核细胞和巨噬细胞在炎症和老年人缺血后心脏损伤的研究还没有到来。尽管如此，几项出色的研究已经确立了单核细胞和巨噬细胞在梗死后的动态作用。这些将根据已知的衰老来讨论。
In the absence of an immune challenge, healthy, aged individuals have a significantly higher basal inflammatory state where circulating levels of cytokines, including IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β, are elevated. This progressive pro-inflammatory state, termed “inflamm-aging,” affects the phenotype/function of cells present in the aged as well as renders the older individuals more susceptible to a poor prognosis after systemic insults. Although it is important to understand the mechanisms that underlie the progression of disease, most preclinical analyses of disease therapies are performed in young adult mice that have an intact, functional immune system. Oftentimes, this is not necessarily representative of the immune disposition in the aged, let alone diseased, aged. Herein, two distinct responses that are not only commonly associated with aging but that also have dendritic cells and/or monocytes and macrophages as key players are discussed: pulmonary infection and myocardial infarction. Although studies of pulmonary infection in the aged have progressed significantly, studies of monocytes and macrophages in inflammation and cardiac injury following ischemia in the aged have not been as forthcoming. Nonetheless, several elegant studies have established the dynamic role of monocytes and macrophages post infarction. These will be discussed in light of what is known with aging.
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