Winter Ecology and Conservation Threats of Scaly-sided Merganser Mergus squamatus in Poyang Lake Watershed, China
Winter Ecology and Conservation Threats of Scaly-sided Merganser Mergus squamatus in Poyang Lake Watershed, China
复制标题
鄱阳湖流域秋沙鸭冬季生态及保护威胁
作者：
邵明勤
首次对鄱阳湖流域内沿着8个江段的中华秋沙鸭（Mergus squamatus）冬季生态进行了调查，并对其保护面临的威胁进行了评估。结合样线和点计数，估计在2010年11月至2011年3月期间的鳞边秋沙鸭的人口规模。4条河流的沿着8个调查断面的河岸环境均为河流一侧或两侧的山地森林或近山地森林。鳞边秋沙鸭常出没于浅滩分散的河流中。在这五个月里，每一个月看到的最多的鳞边秋沙鸭数量从61到91不等。中华秋沙鸭种群分为雄性、雌性、混合性别、独居雌性和独居雄性。混合性别群体是最常见的（64次目击），占所有目击群体（89组）的71.91%。单独的秋沙鸭占22.47%（男性，15.73%;女性，6.74%）的所有目击，也经常遇到。89只个体中，独居秋沙鸭和2-9只个体的群体分别占总群体数的22.47%和64.04%。摄食、游泳、休息和维持是最常见的行为模式。首次在五源河段观察到秋沙鸭在冬季交配。性别比为1：0.74（雌性+亚成体：雄性，n=432）。对鳞边秋沙鸭保护的威胁包括采砂、捕鱼、河岸植被破坏和水污染。太阳升、桃陂、清湖、婺源段，因这些区域人口相对较多且稳定，应优先保护。我们建议采取具体的保护战略，以保护这一濒危物种。
First multiple surveys were conducted along eight river sections within the Poyang Lake watershed, Jiangxi Province, China, to examine winter ecology of the scaly-sided or Chinese Merganser (Mergus squamatus) and to assess threats to its conservation. Transect lines and point counts were combined to estimate the population size of the scaly-sided Merganser during the period November 2010 to March 2011. Along all eight surveyed river sections in four rivers, the riparian environment was mountain forest or close to mountain forest on one or both sides of the rivers. The scaly-sided Merganser was often found in the rivers with scattered shoals. The largest number of scaly-sided Mergansers seen during each of the five months varied from 61 to 91. Groups of Chinese Merganser were classified as male, female, mixed sex, solitary female and solitary male. Mixed sex groups were the most frequently encountered (64 sightings) and comprised 71.91% of all groups sighted (89 groups). Solitary mergansers accounted for 22.47% (male, 15.73%; female, 6.74%) of all sightings and were also frequently encountered. Solitary Merganser and groups with 2-9 individuals account for 22.47% and 64.04% of total group number (n=89). Feeding, swimming, resting and maintenance were the most frequent behavior patterns. For the first time, mergansers were observed copulating in winter in the Wuyuan River section. The sex ratio was 1:0.74 (Females + sub-adults: males, n=432). Threats to the conservation of the scaly-sided Mergansers included sand mining, fishing, riparian vegetation destruction and water pollution. Taiyangsheng, Taopi, Qinghu and Wuyuan sections should be prioritized for protection because these areas have relatively large and stable population. We recommend specific conservation strategies designed to protect this endangered species.
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DOI：
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
Sichuan Journal of Zoology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Zhao Jian
通讯作者：
Zhao Jian
影响因子：
--
作者：
Hao Xi-lian
通讯作者：
Hao Xi-lian
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2009
期刊：
Hubei Agricultural Sciences
影响因子：
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作者：
Wu Jian
通讯作者：
Wu Jian
DOI：
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发表时间：
1998
期刊：
--
影响因子：
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作者：
Wang Sung;Yu Peiqi;Cheng Yiyu
通讯作者：
Wang Sung;Yu Peiqi;Cheng Yiyu
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2008
期刊：
Journal of Northeast Normal University
影响因子：
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作者：
Yi Guo-dong
通讯作者：
Yi Guo-dong