Pathogenicity and virulence of malaria: Sticky problems and tricky solutions.

Pathogenicity and virulence of malaria: Sticky problems and tricky solutions.
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DOI:
10.1080/21505594.2022.2150456
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发表时间:
2023-12
期刊:
影响因子:
5.2
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
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感染恶性疟原虫和间日疟原虫每年造成60多万人死亡,主要集中在非洲和幼儿,但世界上大部分人口仍然面临感染的风险。在这篇文章中,我们综述了疟疾免疫原性和发病机制的最新进展,特别是恶性疟原虫,疟疾的主要杀手。致病因素包括寄生虫衍生的毒素和受感染红细胞上的变种表面抗原,它们介导了深血管系统的隔离。宿主对寄生虫毒素和变异抗原的反应是疾病严重程度的重要决定因素。了解寄生虫是如何隔离的,以及针对不同抗原的抗体如何阻止隔离,可能会导致治疗和预防疾病的新方法。疟疾诊断的困难、抗药性以及治疗间日疟原虫的特殊挑战给消除疟疾带来了挑战,但疫苗和其他预防策略可能会改善疾病控制。
Infections with Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax cause over 600,000 deaths each year, concentrated in Africa and in young children, but much of the world’s population remain at risk of infection. In this article, we review the latest developments in the immunogenicity and pathogenesis of malaria, with a particular focus on P. falciparum, the leading malaria killer. Pathogenic factors include parasite-derived toxins and variant surface antigens on infected erythrocytes that mediate sequestration in the deep vasculature. Host response to parasite toxins and to variant antigens is an important determinant of disease severity. Understanding how parasites sequester, and how antibody to variant antigens could prevent sequestration, may lead to new approaches to treat and prevent disease. Difficulties in malaria diagnosis, drug resistance, and specific challenges of treating P. vivax pose challenges to malaria elimination, but vaccines and other preventive strategies may offer improved disease control.
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发表时间: 2011-04-29
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