Survey of Hatching Spines of Bee Larvae Including Those of Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apoidea).
Survey of Hatching Spines of Bee Larvae Including Those of Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apoidea).
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对蜜蜂幼虫的孵化刺的调查，包括Apis Mellifera（膜翅目：apoidea）。
DOI：
10.1093/jisesa/iex060
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发表时间：
2017-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Cane JH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rozen JG Jr;Shepard Smith C;Cane JH
本文探讨了蜜蜂类群中孵化刺的出现，以及这些结构如何使孵化的幼虫从卵绒毛膜中解脱出来。这些刺沿着第一龄的侧面以线性顺序排列，位于气孔的背面，已在某些独居和窃寄生蜂类群中观察到和记录。羽化后，第一龄幼虫仍然被卵绒毛松散地覆盖。事实上，这种形式的羽化已经在蜜蜂的五个科（表 1 列出了其中的四个科。第五个科是蜂科，其 Oxaeinae 中存在孵化刺的情况很快就会公布。）这一事实引起了人们的猜测，即这是否是蜜蜂的基本特征，或者至少是独居蜂和某些窃听寄生蜂的基本特征。这些刺的广泛存在促使作者探索并发现它们在高度社会性的蜜蜂中的存在。孵化刺确实在第一龄蜜蜂身上发现。蜜蜂孵化过程似乎有所不同，因为刺虽然仍然沿着身体的侧面显示，但显示方式略有不同，而且绒毛膜不是沿着细长的卵的侧面分裂，而是似乎从新兴的第一龄虫中快速解体，这与几乎同时去除覆盖第一龄虫和将第一龄虫与绒毛膜分开的浆膜有关。对不同大小的球体的意外观察可能包含在孵化过程中从气门开口排出的溶解酶，这可能为未来了解意大利蜜蜂在羽化过程中如何影响绒毛膜去除的过程提供线索。虽然孵化刺存在于许多蜜蜂群体中，但它们在游牧亚科和寄生蜂亚科中似乎完全不存在，这表明不同的羽化过程。
This article explores the occurrence of hatching spines among bee taxa and how these structures enable a larva on hatching to extricate itself from the egg chorion. These spines, arranged in a linear sequence along the sides of the first instar just dorsal to the spiracles, have been observed and recorded in certain groups of solitary and cleptoparasitic bee taxa. After eclosion, the first instar remains loosely covered by the egg chorion. The fact that this form of eclosion has been detected in five families (Table 1 identifies four of the families. The fifth family is the Andrenidae for which the presence of hatching spines in the Oxaeinae will soon be announced.) of bees invites speculation as to whether it is a fundamental characteristic of bees, or at least of solitary and some cleptoparasitic bees. The wide occurrence of these spines has prompted the authors to explore and discover their presence in the highly eusocial Apis mellifera L. Hatching spines were indeed discovered on first instar A. mellifera. The honey bee hatching process appears to differ in that the spines are displayed somewhat differently though still along the sides of the body, and the chorion, instead of splitting along the sides of the elongate egg, seems to quickly disintegrate from the emerging first instar in association with the nearly simultaneous removal of the serosa that covers and separates the first instar from the chorion. Unexpected observations of spherical bodies of various sizes perhaps containing dissolving enzymes being discharged from spiracular openings during hatching may shed future light on the process of how A. mellifera effects chorion removal during eclosion. Whereas hatching spines occur among many groups of bees, they appear to be entirely absent in the Nomadinae and parasitic Apinae, an indication of a different eclosion process.
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影响因子：
1.5
作者：
Rozen, Jerome G., Jr.;Straka, Jakub;Rezkova, Katerina
通讯作者：
Rezkova, Katerina
影响因子：
1.5
作者：
Rozen, JG;Melo, GAR;Alves-Dos-Santos, I
通讯作者：
Alves-Dos-Santos, I
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Collins, AM
通讯作者：
Collins, AM
影响因子：
1.5
作者：
Rozen, Jerome G., Jr.;Vinson, S. Bradleigh;Frankie, Gordon
通讯作者：
Frankie, Gordon
影响因子：
10.7
作者：
Spagnuolo, PA;Dalgleish, DG;Morris, ER
通讯作者：
Morris, ER