Agent-based modeling of the effects of social norms on enrollment in payments for ecosystem services.
Agent-based modeling of the effects of social norms on enrollment in payments for ecosystem services.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2011.06.007
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发表时间：
2012-03-24
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Liu, Jianguo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Xiaodong;Lupi, Frank;An, Li;Sheely, Ryan;Vina, Andres;Liu, Jianguo
关键词：
保护投资越来越多地通过生态系统服务付费来实施，以保护和恢复世界各地的生态系统服务。以往的研究表明，社会规范对人类的环境行为，包括PES计划的注册有很大的影响。然而，它仍然没有很好地理解社会规范的影响，生态系统服务付费计划的设计和社会规范的演变可能会影响保护投资的效率。在本文中，我们开发了一个基于代理的仿真模型来演示的演变和社会规范的影响，在PES计划的农业用地注册。我们将该模型应用于中国退耕还绿色计划（GTGP）的地块，以研究当前付款停止时，在替代付款计划中的重新登记。这项研究是在卧龙自然保护区进行的，那里有数千种植物和动物，包括大熊猫，可能会从重新登记中受益。我们发现，超过15%以上的GTGP土地可以重新注册在相同的支付，如果社会规范的杠杆作用，允许超过十轮的土地所有者之间的互动，他们重新注册的决定。由于社会规范的影响，只有三轮互动，额外的7.5%的GTGP土地以相同的付款重新登记。此外，社会规范的影响在中等支付时最大，在高得多或低得多的支付时较小。即使在土地所有者之间就其登记决定进行频繁互动不可行的情况下，将家庭分为多个批次进行顺序登记的政策安排可以在给定的支付水平下多登记11%以上的土地。本文提出的方法可以用来提高现有的生态系统服务补偿方案和许多其他保护投资的效率。
Conservation investments are increasingly being implemented through payments for ecosystem services (PES) for the protection and restoration of ecosystem services around the world. Previous studies suggested that social norms have substantial impacts on environmental behaviors of humans, including enrollment of PES programs. However, it is still not well understood how social norms are affected by the design of PES programs and how the evolution of social norms may affect the efficiency of conservation investments. In this paper, we developed an agent-based simulation model to demonstrate the evolution and impacts of social norms on the enrollment of agricultural land in a PES program. We applied the model to land plots that have been enrolled in China’s Grain-to-Green Program (GTGP) to examine reenrollment in an alternative payment program when the current payments ceased. The study was conducted in Wolong Nature Reserve where several thousand plant and animal species, including giant pandas, may benefit from the reenrollment. We found that over 15% more GTGP land can be reenrolled at the same payment if social norms were leveraged by allowing more than ten rounds of interactions among landholders regarding their reenrollment decisions. With only three rounds of interactions, an additional 7.5% GTGP land was reenrolled at the same payment due to the effects of social norms. In addition, the effects of social norms were largest at intermediate payments and were smaller at much higher or much smaller payments. Even in circumstances where frequent interactions among landholders about their enrollment decisions are not feasible, policy arrangements that divide households into multiple waves for sequential enrollment can enroll over 11% more land at a given payment level. The approach presented in this paper can be used to improve the efficiency of existing PES programs and many other conservation investments worldwide.
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影响因子：
8.2
作者：
FOSTER, AD;ROSENZWEIG, MR
通讯作者：
ROSENZWEIG, MR
影响因子：
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作者：
Chen, Xiaodong;Lupi, Frank;Liu, Jianguo
通讯作者：
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2010.1107
发表时间：
2011-01-07
影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
KALLGREN, CA
DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-8306.2005.00450.x
发表时间：
2005-03-01
期刊：
ANNALS OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN GEOGRAPHERS
影响因子：
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作者：
An, L;Linderman, M;Liu, J
通讯作者：
Liu, J