Evaluating the sources and functions of gradiency in phoneme categorization: An individual differences approach.

Evaluating the sources and functions of gradiency in phoneme categorization: An individual differences approach.
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DOI:
10.1037/xhp0000410
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发表时间:
2017-09
期刊:
Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
McMurray B
McMurray B
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kapnoula EC;Winn MB;Kong EJ;Edwards J;McMurray B

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在口语理解过程中,听者将连续的声学线索转换为类别(例如/B/和/p/)。虽然长期的研究表明语音类别是以梯度方式激活的,但也存在明显的个体差异,因为更多的梯度分类与各种沟通障碍有关,如阅读障碍和特定语言障碍(;)。重要的是,大多数研究都使用了两个选择强迫选择(2AFC)任务来测量类别间边界的清晰度。在这里,我们提出了一个替代范式,使我们能够以更直接的方式来衡量分类梯度。此外,我们遵循个体差异的方法:(a)链接这种梯度的措施,以多线索整合,(B)探索其与一组其他的认知过程的关系,(c)评估其在个人的能力,感知语音噪声中的作用。我们的研究结果提供了这种新的方法评估音素分类梯度验证,并提供了初步的见解如何不同方面的语音感知可能相互联系,更一般的认知过程。
During spoken language comprehension listeners transform continuous acoustic cues into categories (e.g. /b/ and /p/). While longstanding research suggests that phonetic categories are activated in a gradient way, there are also clear individual differences in that more gradient categorization has been linked to various communication impairments like dyslexia and specific language impairments (; ). Crucially, most studies have used two-alternative forced choice (2AFC) tasks to measure the sharpness of between-category boundaries. Here we propose an alternative paradigm that allows us to measure categorization gradiency in a more direct way. Furthermore, we follow an individual differences approach to: (a) link this measure of gradiency to multiple cue integration, (b) explore its relationship to a set of other cognitive processes, and (c) evaluate its role in individuals’ ability to perceive speech in noise. Our results provide validation for this new method of assessing phoneme categorization gradiency and offer preliminary insights into how different aspects of speech perception may be linked to each other and to more general cognitive processes.
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